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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Mar 2.
Published in final edited form as: Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1992 Feb;17(2):200–205. doi: 10.1097/00007632-199202000-00014

Table 5.

Error Variation with Quality of Radiograph

Good
 Normal
 Poor
SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean
Rx 0.56 15.4 0.63 12.5 0.98 17.19
Ay 0.39 4.4 0.43 3.8 0.87 4.64
Az 0.45 2.5 0.43 2.4 0.86 4.43
By 0.36 5.5 0.51 5.1 0.79 6.17
Bz 0.53 11.9 0.56 9.9 0.81 14.73
Cy 1.96 29.7 2.68 28.9 3.37 29.10
Cz 0.86 12.7 1.58 12.9 1.85 9.90

Note: Standard deviations and means varying with radiographic quality. The results are based on seven remarkings and five redigitizations (only one digitization of "good" and "poor" radiographs) of each marking of the normal radiographic pair at the L3–L4 level, using reference line RL1 for the computation.