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. 2019 Mar 1;9:3231. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-39771-5

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Ginsenosides bind to the central vestibular region of P2X7. Representation of a homology model of hP2X7 trimer in the open state with ginsenoside CK docked in the central vestibular region. Each subunit is differentially coloured (green, cyan, magenta). Panels show a zoom-in and rotated view of the binding site from the inside of the cavity facing outwards (rotation of 180°). Surface rendered images are shown to visualise the binding pocket for CK and Rd on hP2X7. Ligands and side chains are represented as sticks with all hydrogen atoms omitted for clarity. Two-dimensional chemical structures of CK and Rd are also displayed with carbon atoms labelled in red.