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. 2019 Mar 1;9:3204. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-38944-6

Figure 2.

Figure 2

(a) The levels of total sphingolipids and of each subclass of sphingolipid in healthy women (n = 37) and PCOS patients (n = 107). Each column represents the mean ± SD (*p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001). So, sphingosine; Sa, sphinganine; S1P, sphingosine-1-phosphate; Cer, ceramide; Cer1P, ceramide-1-phosphate; SM, sphingomyelin; HexCer, hexosylceramide; LacCer, lactosylceramide. (b) The 3D OPLS-DA score plot for the healthy group (n = 37) and the PCOS group (n = 107) (R2X = 0.523, R2Y = 0.697, Q2 = 0.533). (c) The potential biomarkers (SM (d40:0), SM (d38:0), SM (d18:1/22:0), Cer (d18:0/24:0), SM (d18:1/24:0), SM (d41:0), and SM (d18:1/23:0)) for the classification between the healthy group and the PCOS group. Each column represents the mean ± SD (***p < 0.001).