Table 2.
Hazard ratios (with 95% CIs) for variables evaluated as potential predictors of all-cause mortality in the HbA1c cohort.
| Variables | n (%) | HR | 95% CI | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 919 (71.7) | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| Female | 363 (28.3) | 1.27 | 0.89–1.80 | 0.185 |
| Age | ||||
| 1 year increase | 1282 (100) | 1.05 | 1.03–1.06 | <0.0001 |
| Duration of PD (year) | ||||
| <2 | 588 (45.9) | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| 2 ≤ < 4 | 365 (28.4) | 1.93 | 1.28–2.91 | 0.002 |
| 4 ≤ < 6 | 196 (15.3) | 2.89 | 1.81–4.61 | <0.0001 |
| 6 ≤ < 8 | 84 (6.6) | 2.64 | 1.32–5.31 | 0.006 |
| 8≤ | 49 (3.8) | 2.19 | 0.94–5.08 | 0.067 |
| Type of diabetes | ||||
| Type 2 | 1184 (92.4) | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| Type 1 | 98 (7.6) | 0.78 | 0.40–1.52 | 0.472 |
| CVD comorbidity | ||||
| No | 967 (75.5) | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | 313 (24.5) | 2.65 | 1.86–3.77 | <0.0001 |
| Smoking | ||||
| No | 1023 (89.0) | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | 126 (11.0) | 1.06 | 0.59–1.82 | 0.823 |
| Antihypertensive agent | ||||
| User | 994 (82.9) | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| Non-user | 205 (17.1) | 2.27 | 1.51–3.41 | <0.0001 |
| HD combination | ||||
| No | 1028 (80.2) | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | 254 (19.8) | 0.89 | 0.58–1.39 | 0.615 |
| Residual renal function | ||||
| Non-anuric | 762 (81.8) | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| Anuric | 169 (18.2) | 1.64 | 1.05–2.50 | 0.030 |
| Type of dialysate | ||||
| 2.5% non-user | 661 (59.7) | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| 2.5% user | 446 (40.3) | 1.53 | 1.06–2.28 | 0.025 |
| Type of dialysate | ||||
| Icodextrin non-user | 615 (55.5) | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| Icodextrin user | 492 (44.4) | 1.01 | 0.69–1.45 | 0.988 |
| Type of treatment | ||||
| APD non-user | 641 (58.0) | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| APD user | 464 (42.0) | 0.71 | 0.49–1.01 | 0.053 |
| Total Kt/V | ||||
| <1.1 | 45 (7.0) | 2.73 | 1.02–7.29 | 0.043 |
| 1.1 ≤ < 1.4 | 78 (12.2) | 1.62 | 0.65–4.06 | 0.297 |
| 1.4 ≤ < 1.7 | 128 (20.0) | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| 1.7 ≤ < 2.0 | 170 (26.5) | 0.91 | 0.41–2.05 | 0.825 |
| 2.0≤ | 220 (34.3) | 0.71 | 0.32–1.56 | 0.395 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | ||||
| <20.0 | 102 (9.3) | 2.21 | 1.13–4.33 | 0.020 |
| 20 ≤ < 22 | 186 (16.9) | 1.92 | 1.07–3.44 | 0.028 |
| 22 ≤ < 24 | 254 (23.1) | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| 24 ≤ < 26 | 202 (18.4) | 1.20 | 0.64–2.23 | 0.567 |
| 26 ≤ < 28 | 164 (14.9) | 1.43 | 0.74–2.76 | 0.278 |
| 28≤ | 191 (17.4) | 1.07 | 0.55–2.08 | 0.837 |
| Serum albumin (g/dL) | ||||
| <2.5 | 87 (7.1) | 5.41 | 2.99–9.78 | <0.0001 |
| 2.5 ≤ < 3.0 | 258 (20.9) | 2.25 | 1.45–3.47 | 0.0003 |
| 3.0 ≤ < 3.5 | 461 (37.4) | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| 3.5 ≤ < 4.0 | 336 (27.3) | 0.45 | 0.25–0.76 | 0.004 |
| 4.0≤ | 90 (7.3) | 0.45 | 0.18–1.19 | 0.112 |
| Hemoglobin | ||||
| 1 g/dL increase | 1253 (97.7) | 0.81 | 0.71–0.94 | 0.005 |
| C-reactive protein | ||||
| 1 mg/dL increase | 1126 (87.8) | 1.46 | 1.26–1.70 | <0.0001 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | ||||
| <130 | 139 (13.4) | 1.01 | 0.55–1.87 | 0.961 |
| 130 ≤ < 150 | 176 (17.0) | 0.75 | 0.41–1.36 | 0.347 |
| 150 ≤ < 170 | 221 (21.3) | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| 170 ≤ < 190 | 196 (18.9) | 0.59 | 0.33–1.06 | 0.079 |
| 190 ≤ < 210 | 134 (12.9) | 0.73 | 0.38–1.36 | 0.318 |
| 210≤ | 171 (16.5) | 0.48 | 0.25–0.91 | 0.025 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | ||||
| <30 | 123 (12.1) | 1.44 | 0.80–2.59 | 0.219 |
| 30 ≤ < 40 | 262 (25.8) | 0.87 | 0.52–1.45 | 0.601 |
| 40 ≤ < 50 | 267 (26.3) | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| 50 ≤ < 60 | 169 (16.7) | 0.62 | 0.33–1.17 | 0.145 |
| 60 ≤ < 70 | 94 (9.3) | 0.67 | 0.31–1.43 | 0.307 |
| 70≤ | 99 (9.8) | 0.48 | 0.21–1.08 | 0.079 |
| Calcium (mg/dL) | ||||
| <8.0 | 261 (20.7) | 1.47 | 0.92–2.35 | 0.104 |
| 8.0 ≤ < 8.5 | 271 (21.5) | 1.13 | 0.69–1.85 | 0.606 |
| 8.5 ≤ < 9.0 | 332 (26.4) | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| 9.0 ≤ < 9.5 | 227 (18.1) | 0.65 | 0.37–1.15 | 0.142 |
| 9.5 ≤ < 10.0 | 118 (9.4) | 0.76 | 0.35–1.67 | 0.502 |
| 10≤ | 49 (3.9) | 1.92 | 0.88–4.19 | 0.100 |
| Phosphate (mg/dL) | ||||
| <4.0 | 198 (15.5) | 1.41 | 0.85–2.31 | 0.178 |
| 4.0 ≤ < 5.0 | 359 (28.1) | 1.02 | 0.65–1.61 | 0.914 |
| 5.0 ≤ < 6.0 | 375 (29.4) | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| 6.0 ≤ < 7.0 | 225 (17.6) | 1.02 | 0.61–1.73 | 0.924 |
| 7.0 ≤ < 8.0 | 83 (6.5) | 1.35 | 0.66–2.78 | 0.404 |
| 8.0≤ | 37 (2.9) | 0.22 | 0.02–1.68 | 0.145 |
| Intact-PTH (pg/mL) | ||||
| <60 | 199 (17.7) | 1.40 | 0.82–2.38 | 0.215 |
| 60 ≤ < 140 | 306 (27.2) | 0.87 | 0.51–1.46 | 0.601 |
| 140 ≤ < 220 | 269 (23.9) | 1.00 | Reference | Reference |
| 220 ≤ < 300 | 147 (13.1) | 1.25 | 0.68–2.31 | 0.457 |
| 300 ≤ < 380 | 83 (7.4) | 0.64 | 0.26–1.52 | 0.311 |
| 380≤ | 120 (10.7) | 0.86 | 0.43–1.74 | 0.688 |
CVD, cardiovascular disease; HD, hemodialysis; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; PD, peritoneal dialysis; PTH, parathyroid hormone.