Table 3.
Demographic, clinical, and laboratory values in 1282 PD patients, according to categories of HbA1c.
| Variables | All | HbA1c Categories | P value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <5.0 | 5.0 to 5.4 | 5.5 to 5.9 | 6.0 to 6.4 | 6.5 to 6.9 | 7.0 to 7.4 | ≥7.5 | |||
| n (male%) | 1282 (71.7) | 86 (65.1) | 217 (80.1) | 239 (79.5) | 275 (71.3) | 195 (64.6) | 97 (65.0) | 119 (59.7) | <0.0001 |
| Age (years) | 63.9 ± 11.6 | 61.8 ± 11.7 | 63.3 ± 11.4 | 63.5 ± 11.2 | 64.8 ± 11.7 | 65.2 ± 11.7 | 64.5 ± 11.7 | 63.2 ± 12.1 | 0.198 |
| PD duration (m) | 26 [12–49] | 30 [16–57] | 24 [10–49] | 24 [12–49] | 26 [11–49] | 27 [13–46] | 25 [12–48] | 26 [14–47] | 0.274 |
| Type 1 (%) | 7.6 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 6.6 | 8.2 | 13.4 | 13.5 | 0.037 |
| CVD comorbidity (%) | 24.4 | 23.3 | 20.7 | 22.7 | 27.3 | 24.6 | 23.7 | 30.2 | 0.437 |
| Smoking (%) | 10.9 | 8.9 | 12.7 | 9.2 | 12.7 | 13.5 | 3.2 | 14.4 | 0.259 |
| Insulin (%) | 35.4 | 11.8 | 21.1 | 25.2 | 35.3 | 50.0 | 52.8 | 62.8 | <0.0001 |
| Oral antidiabetic agents (%) | 41.3 | 29.2 | 33.1 | 40.7 | 43.9 | 43.7 | 53.3 | 52.7 | 0.0006 |
| Diet therapy alone (%) | 35.5 | 62.3 | 51.6 | 41.9 | 32.1 | 19.7 | 13.9 | 17.5 | <0.0001 |
| Antihypertensive agents (%) | 82.9 | 81.0 | 87.0 | 86.0 | 84.0 | 80.0 | 81.0 | 71.2 | 0.012 |
| HD combination (%) | 19.8 | 26.7 | 21.0 | 16.3 | 17.5 | 16.4 | 22.6 | 27.7 | 0.070 |
| Anuric (%) | 18.2 | 19.4 | 20.6 | 15.8 | 17.2 | 14.4 | 18.8 | 26.0 | 0.396 |
| Total Kt/V | 1.9 ± 0.9 | 2.1 ± 1.2 | 1.7 ± 0.7 | 1.9 ± 0.9 | 1.8 ± 0.6 | 2.0 ± 1.0 | 1.9 ± 0.6 | 2.0 ± 1.1 | 0.129 |
| 2.5% glucose dialysate use (%) | 40.3 | 30.0 | 36.6 | 39.5 | 38.4 | 42.2 | 49.1 | 51.0 | 0.049 |
| Icodextrin dialysate use (%) | 55.6 | 44.3 | 45.1 | 40.0 | 47.9 | 42.8 | 45.5 | 47.9 | 0.722 |
| D/P Cr | 0.67 ± 0.13 | 0.68 ± 0.13 | 0.67 ± 0.15 | 0.69 ± 0.13 | 0.68 ± 0.12 | 0.66 ± 0.12 | 0.67 ± 0.13 | 0.62 ± 0.12 | 0.043 |
| APD user (%) | 41.9 | 46.4 | 42.7 | 42.8 | 41.0 | 42.2 | 45.2 | 34.7 | 0.776 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.5 ± 3.9 | 24.7 ± 3.2 | 24.0 ± 3.5 | 24.2 ± 3.9 | 24.7 ± 3.8 | 25.1 ± 4.3 | 24.6 ± 4.3 | 25.2 ± 4.3 | 0.088 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 10.8 ± 1.3 | 10.2 ± 1.4 | 10.7 ± 1.3 | 10.7 ± 1.2 | 10.8 ± 1.3 | 10.9 ± 1.3 | 10.9 ± 1.4 | 10.9 ± 1.4 | 0.0009 |
| Serum albumin (g/dL) | 3.2 ± 0.5 | 3.2 ± 0.6 | 3.2 ± 0.5 | 3.3 ± 0.5 | 3.2 ± 0.6 | 3.2 ± 0.5 | 3.2 ± 0.6 | 3.2 ± 0.5 | 0.476 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 172 ± 40 | 171 ± 43 | 165 ± 36 | 172 ± 42 | 170 ± 39 | 182 ± 41 | 172 ± 38 | 174 ± 41 | 0.015 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 47 ± 16 | 50 ± 18 | 48 ± 17 | 49 ± 16 | 45 ± 15 | 44 ± 15 | 46 ± 17 | 42 ± 17 | 0.002 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/dL) | 0.15 [0.08–0.44] | 0.14 [0.10–0.32] | 0.12 [0.07–0.37] | 0.11 [0.05–0.34] | 0.19 [0.09–0.53] | 0.16 [0.09–0.53] | 0.22 [0.10–0.70] | 0.21 [0.10–0.62] | 0.017 |
| Calcium (mg/dL) | 8.6 ± 0.8 | 8.5 ± 0.7 | 8.5 ± 0.8 | 8.5 ± 0.7 | 8.5 ± 0.8 | 8.6 ± 0.8 | 8.7 ± 0.8 | 8.6 ± 0.8 | 0.409 |
| Phosphate (mg/dL) | 5.2 ± 1.3 | 5.3 ± 1.3 | 5.3 ± 1.3 | 5.2 ± 1.1 | 5.1 ± 1.2 | 5.1 ± 1.2 | 5.2 ± 1.3 | 5.4 ± 1.6 | 0.168 |
| Intact-PTH (pg/mL) | 153 [76–248] | 158 [75–200] | 151 [73–241] | 138 [69–242] | 153 [83–241] | 151 [84–287] | 172 [68–273] | 193 [89–290] | 0.246 |
| Switch to HD, n (%) | 396 (30.8) | 24 (27.9) | 68 (31.1) | 97 (33.3) | 85 (30.9) | 58 (29.7) | 31 (31.9) | 33 (27.7) | 0.886 |
| Death (%) | 18.4 | 12.1 | 18.2 | 16.6 | 18.7 | 18.7 | 21.7 | 23.6 | 0.635 |
| Cardiovascular death | 7.4 | 4.9 | 7.9 | 6.7 | 6.9 | 5.8 | 11.3 | 10.5 | 0.719 |
| Infection-related death | 5.1 | 0 | 5.2 | 3.5 | 5.3 | 6.6 | 5.2 | 9.3 | 0.275 |
CVD, cardiovascular disease; HD, hemodialysis; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; PD, peritoneal dialysis; PTH, parathyroid hormone.