Response magnitudes evoked by all taste stimuli in taste-responsive nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) cells (n = 70). Closed symbols represent excitatory responses; open symbols represent inhibitory responses. Horizontal lines for each stimulus show the median excitatory and inhibitory response magnitudes. Circles show responses to NaCl (0.1 M), sucrose (0.1 M), quinine (0.0001 M), and citric acid (0.01 M); diamonds show responses to NaCl (0.05M), sucrose (0.1 M), citric acid (0.017 M), and caffeine (0.019 M). B, bitter (either quinine or caffeine); CA, citric acid; N, NaCl; S, sucrose.