Table 1:
Participants’ physical characteristics, anthropometrics, MRI and DXA outcomes separated based on tertile classifications of the level of serum testosterone.
| Low Range Testosterone (≤ 400 ng/dL) (n = 12) |
Mid-Normal Range Testosterone (401 – 544 ng/dL) (n = 12) |
Normal Range Testosterone (≥ 555 ng/dL) (n = 12) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Physical characteristics | |||
| Age (years) | 40 ± 12 | 36 ± 10 | 34 ± 10 |
| Weight (kg) | 78.9 ± 10.3 | 74.7 ± 18.7 | 68.1 ± 11.4 |
| Height (cm) | 177.4 ± 5.8 | 180.1 ± 4.8 | 178.0 ± 5.1 |
| BMI | 25.6 ± 3.8 | 23.0 ± 5.6 | 21.5 ± 3.2* |
| TSI (years) | 12 ± 11 | 8 ± 9 | 8 ± 8 |
| LOI (range) | C5 – L1 | C5 – T10 | C7 – T12 |
| Anthropometric Measurements | |||
| Supine Waist Circumference (cm) |
87.5 ± 10.5 | 84.2 ± 14.4 | 74.7 ± 8.1* |
| Seated Waist Circumference (cm) |
92.4 ± 9.1 | 87.9 ± 11.9 | 81.5 ± 8.8* |
| Supine Abdominal Circumference (cm) |
89.8 ± 11.1 | 85.5 ± 17.2 | 74.5 ± 8.6* |
| Seated Abdominal Circumference (cm) |
89.8 ± 11.1 | 85.5 ± 17.2 | 74.5 ± 8.6* |
| DXA Outcomes | |||
| Total | |||
| Region Fat (%) | 33.5 ± 7.3 | 30.6 ± 12.1 | 23.9 ± 7.1* |
| Fat mass (g) | 26554 ± 7201 | 24701 ± 13752 | 16750 ± 7618 |
| Lean mass (g)a | 49038 ± 7587 | 47795 ± 6768 | 48553 ± 6194 |
|
Trunk | |||
| Region Fat (%) | 37.9 ± 8.6 | 32.6 ± 14.6 | 25.2 ± 9.4* |
| Fat mass (g) | 15682 ± 4657 | 13629 ± 8857 | 8650 ± 4860* |
| Lean mass (g) | 23839 ± 2472 | 23138 ± 3946 | 23038 ± 2938 |
| Legs | |||
| Region Fat (%) | 33.4 ± 7.6 | 32.8 ± 11.2 | 27.4 ± 6.6 |
| Fat mass (g) | 74901 ± 2427 | 7799 ± 4306 | 5782 ± 2231 |
| Lean mass(g)a | 13238 ± 2605 | 13656 ± 2373 | 14098 ± 2162 |
| MRI Outcomes | |||
| VATCSA (cm2)b | 127.9 ± 63.7 | 97.4 ± 70.5 | 36.2 ± 26.3* |
| SATCSA (cm2)b | 143.1 ± 61.0 | 158.2 ± 105.8 | 102.3 ± 66.4 |
| VAT:SAT Ratiob | 1.0 ± 0.58 | 0.65 ± 0.33 | 0.46 ± 0.28* |
| Absolute Whole Muscle CSAc |
78.6 ± 24.9 | 80.9 ± 15.9 | 93.3 ± 16.0 |
| IMF (%)c | 17.2 ± 11.0 | 13.6 ± 9.0 | 7.8 ± 6.1 |
BMI: body mass index; CSA: cross-sectional area; DXA: dual x-ray absorptiometry; IMF: intramuscular fat; LOI: level of injury; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; SATCSA: subcutaneous adipose tissue cross-sectional area; TSI: time since injury; VATCSA: visceral adipose tissue cross-sectional area. Missing data:
a
n = 35,
b
n = 30,
c
n = 27.
*
P < 0.05.
According to the American Endocrine Society, hypogonadism is defined as testosterone level below 300ng/dL, but to evenly stratify our data, we separated groups into evenly dispersed tertiles. Data are presented as mean ± SD.