FIGURE 4.

The PaF3H gene encodes the enzyme for the production of taxifolin in Norway spruce. (A) Phylogenetic analysis revealed separate clades for F3H enzymes from gymnosperms and angiosperms (500 boot-strap replicates). Scale bar shows number of substitutions per site. (B) F3H gene expression increased significantly 7 and 14 days post inoculation compared to the wounded control (significance code: ^∗∗p < 0.01; n = 5; error bars = SE). Transcript abundance was measured by qRT-PCR normalized against PaUBI and calibrated against abundance in a sterile agar-inoculated control sample. Different letters refer to statistically significant differences at p < 0.05.