Figure 4.

Selective activation of CCK-GABA neurons enhances novel object recognition memory. A, Experimental protocol showing training (15 min), delay (1 or 24 h), and testing (15 min) phases. Post-training injections were given immediately following training, whereas pre-testing injections were given 15 min before testing. B, Post-training CNO injection did not affect novel object preference (n = 11) but tended to reduce interaction time. C, In the 1-h protocol, pre-testing CNO injection increased novel object preference (n = 12) but did not affect interaction time. D, In the 24-h protocol, pre-testing CNO injection increased novel object preference (n = 12) but not affect interaction time. All figures present data as mean ± SEM. Behavioral data in hM3Dq- mice is given in Extended Data Figure 3-1. The asterisk indicates statistical significance at the p < 0.05 level.