Table 5.
Factors associated with antenatal depression among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Dubti Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia, 2016.
| Variables | Antenatal depression | COR(95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | |||
| Maternal education | ||||
| No formal education | 15 | 137 | 0.35(0.2,0.65)∗ | 0.75(0.21,2.68) |
| Formal education | 49 | 156 | 1 | 1 |
| Income (Birr) | ||||
| <=500 | 13 | 26 | 2.6(1.3,5.4)∗ | 0.66(0.07,6.02) |
| >500 | 51 | 267 | 1 | 1 |
| Parity | ||||
| 0 | 26 | 110 | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 18 | 47 | 1.78(0.79,5.13) | 0.43(0.01,29.1) |
| >=2 | 20 | 136 | 0.69(0.21,3.74) | 0.11(0.001,9.92) |
| Complication in previous Pregnancy | ||||
| No | 25 | 141 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 15 | 40 | 2.12(1.02,4.4)∗ | 0.59(0.13, 2.78) |
| Pregnancy planning | ||||
| No | 46 | 27 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 18 | 266 | 0.04(0.02,0.08)∗ | 0.04(0.01,0.11)∗ |
| Social support | ||||
| Low | 35 | 56 | 1 | 1 |
| Medium | 19 | 209 | 0.145(0.08,0.27)∗ | 0.21(0.07,0.66)∗ |
| High | 10 | 28 | 0.57(0.25,1.3) | 1.45(0.33,6.35) |
| Marital conflict in the last 12 months | ||||
| No | 23 | 237 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 41 | 56 | 7.54(4.2,13.6)∗ | 6.45(2.1,17.9)∗ |
| Previous history of depression | ||||
| No | 38 | 261 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 26 | 32 | 5.58(3.0,10.4)∗ | 2.47(0.68,8.9) |
| Maternal age | ||||
| <20 | 7 | 32 | 1.59(0.42,5.98) | 1.48(0.06,35.13) |
| 20-24 | 17 | 93 | 1.33(0.41,4.25) | 0.23(0.02,2.74) |
| 25-29 | 24 | 104 | 1.67(0.54,5.21) | 1.99(0.32,12.33) |
| 30-34 | 12 | 35 | 2.49(0.72,8.54) | 4.73(0.75,29.91) |
| >34 | 4 | 29 | 1 | 1 |
| Previous number of children | ||||
| 0 | 33 | 105 | 1.57(0.27,8.32) | 3.71(0.63,21.74) |
| 1 | 8 | 56 | 0.71(0.25,6.35) | 1.02(0.3,3.44) |
| 2 | 11 | 72 | 0.76(0.12,3.61) | 0.28(0.06,1.44) |
| >=3 | 12 | 60 | 1 | 1 |
| ANC follow up in previous pregnancy† | ||||
| No | 23 | 75 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 17 | 106 | 0.52(0.26,1.05) | 0.84(0.49,2.4) |
| Trimester of current pregnancy | ||||
| First | 11 | 74 | 0.6(0.3,1.3) | 0.24(0.05,1.08) |
| Second | 26 | 107 | 1.01(0.6,1.8) | 0.84(0.27,2.68) |
| Third | 27 | 112 | 1 | 1 |
| Family history of depression | ||||
| No | 61 | 287 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 3 | 6 | 2.35(0.57,9.67) | 0.18(0.01,3.85) |
∗Significant at p < 0.05. ANC: antenatal care. †At least one visit. CI: confidence interval. COR: crude odds ratio. AOR: adjusted odds ratio.