Table 4.
Etiology vs EEG
| EEG n (%) | Generalized | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Focal | Multifocal | Burst‐suppression | ||
| Etiology (n) | ||||
| Hypoxic‐ischemic encephalopathy (n = 6) | 4 (66.7%) | 2 (33.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Cortical malformations (n = 3) | 2 (66.7%) | 1 (33.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| CNS infection (n = 4) | 1 (25.0%) | 3 (75.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Metabolic/vitamins disorders (n = 19) | ||||
| Electrolyte imbalance (n = 3) | 3 (100%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Inborn errors of metabolism (n = 3) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (100%)** | 0 (0.0%) |
| vitamin‐related disorders (n = 11) | 1 (9.1%) | 7 (63.6%) | 3 (27.3%)* | 0 (0.0%) |
| Withdrawal (n = 2) | 2 (100%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Genetic disorders | ||||
| Channelopathies (n = 67) | 10 (14.9%) | 22 (32.8%) | 34 (50.7%) | 1 (1.5%) |
| Chromosomal disorder (n = 3) | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (100%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Other gene disorders (n = 7) | 1 (14.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 6 (85.7%)** | 0 (0.0%) |
| Vascular disorders | ||||
| Stroke (n = 25) | 22 (88.0%) | 2 (8.0%) | 1 (4.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Hemorrhage (n = 8) | 7 (87.5%) | 1 (12.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Undetermined/unknown (n = 9) | 3 (33.3%) | 5 (55.6%) | 1 (11.1%)* | 0 (0.0%) |
CNS, central nervous system. Burst‐suppression was described as an ictal pattern *in 2 neonates (one with vitamin‐related disorder and one with unknown etiology) and as an interictal pattern **in eight (3 with inborn errors of metabolism, 3 with other gene disorders, and 2 with vitamin‐related disorders); in the remaining cases, it was not clearly defined as an ictal or interictal pattern/background abnormality.