3. D(M)FS caries increments not in meta‐analysis (immature permanent dentition).

Comparison	1000 to 1250			440 to 550
Study	Mean	SD	n	Mean	SD	n	SMD (95% CI)
Stookey 2004	6.27	4.58	174	6.24	4.49	168	0.01 (‐0.21 to 0.22)
Comparison	1450 to 1500			440 to 550
Study	Mean	SD	n	Mean	SD	n	SMD (95% CI)
Biesbrock 2003b	0.21	4.02	180	0.26	4.03	169	‐0.05 (‐0.90 to 0.80)
Comparison	1450 to 1500			1000 to 1250
Study	Mean	SD	n	Mean	SD	n	SMD (95% CI)
Marks 1994	4.27	3.91	1116	4.33	3.91	1120	‐0.02 (‐0.10 to 0.07)
Comparison	1700 to 2200			1000 to 1250
Study	Mean	SD	n	Mean	SD	n	SMD (95% CI)
Marks 1994	3.78	3.91	2126	4.33	3.91	1120	‐0.14 (‐0.21 to ‐0.07)
Comparison	2400 to 2800			1000 to 1250
Study	Mean	SD	n	Mean	SD	n	SMD (95% CI)
Biesbrock 2003a	1.25	3.59	153	1.47	3.50	168	‐0.06 (‐0.28 to 0.16)
Marks 1994	3.46	3.91	1112	4.33	3.91	1120	‐0.22 (‐0.31 to ‐0.14)
Comparison	1700 to 2200			1450 to 1500
Study	Mean	SD	n	Mean	SD	n	SMD (95% CI)
Marks 1994	3.78	3.91	2126	4.27	3.91	1116	‐0.13 (‐0.20 to ‐0.05)
Comparison	2400 to 2800			1450 to 1500
Study	Mean	SD	n	Mean	SD	n	SMD (95% CI)
Marks 1994	3.46	3.91	1112	4.27	3.91	1116	‐0.21 (‐0.29 to ‐0.12)
Comparison	2400 to 2800			1700 to 2200
Study	Mean	SD	n	Mean	SD	n	SMD (95% CI)
Marks 1994	3.46	3.91	1112	3.78	3.91	2126	‐0.08 (‐0.15 to ‐0.01)

CI = confidence interval; D(M)FS = decayed, missing, filled permanent surfaces; n = number; SD = standard deviation; SMD = standardised mean difference.