Table 4.
Current Risk scores for SCA.
| Risk Score | Target population | Variables | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Duke Sudden Cardiac Death risk score | Coronary artery disease (> 75% stenosis) | LVEF, Number of coronary vessels, HF, tobacco, DM, HTN, cerebrovascular disease | (138) |
| Seattle Heart Failure Model | Mild to severe HF | age, gender, ischemic etiology, NYHA, ejection fraction, systolic blood pressure, K-sparing diuretic use, statin use, allopurinol use, hemoglobin, % lymphocyte count, uric acid, sodium, cholesterol, and diuretic dose/kg | (139) |
| MUSIC (MUerte Subita en Insuficiencia Cardiaca) study | Mild-moderate HF | NYHA class, LVEF, T-wave alternans, T-peak-to-end restitution and T-wave morphology restitution | (140) |
| ESC HCM SCD Risk Calculator | Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy | Age, maximal wall thickness, LA size, LVOT gradient, family history SCA, NSVT, syncope | (141) |
| Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study | Community population 45-64 years old | age, sex, total cholesterol, lipid-lowering and hypertension medication use, blood pressure, smoking status, diabetes, and body mass index | (142) |
| eMust Study (Paris) | Prehospital STEMI | younger age, absence of obesity, absence of diabetes mellitus, shortness of breath, and a short delay between pain onset and call to emergency medical services | (143) |
| Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study | Community population 45-64 years old | age, male sex, black race, current smoking, systolic blood pressure, use of antihypertensive medication, diabetes mellitus, serum potassium, serum albumin, high-density lipoprotein, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and QTc interval. | (144) |
| MUSTT Study | Post-MI, EF ≤ 40 | Lower LVEF (<40%), inducible VT, inpatient status, LBBB or IVCD, NSVT >10 days after CABG/no CABG, HF | (62) |
| REFINE study (prediction of cardiac mortality or SCA) | Post-MI, EF ≤50 | Heart rate turbulence (HRT) and T-wave alternans (TWA) at > 8 weeks | (79) |
Key: CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; DM, diabetes mellitus; HF, heart failure; HTN, hypertension; IVCD, intraventricular conduction defect; LA, left atrial; LBBB, left bundle branch block; LVOT, Left ventricular outflow tract; NSVT, non-sustained ventricular tachycardia; NYHA, New York Heart Failure Association class; QTc, corrected QT interval