Table 1.
Characteristics of the study participants at baseline
| Total | Sjögren’s syndrome with |
Without | P value | |
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
| Total | 66 990 | 13 398 (20.00) | 53 592 (80.00) | |
| Gender | 0.999 | |||
| Male | 12 530 (18.7) | 2506 (18.70) | 10 024 (18.70) | |
| Female | 54 460 (81.3) | 10 892 (81.30) | 43 568 (81.30) | |
| Age (years) | 55.68±16.03 | 55.85±15.81 | 55.63±16.08 | 0.164 |
| Malignancy | 7403 (11.05) | 1053 (7.76) | 6350 (11.85) | <0.001* |
| DM | 7457 (11.13) | 907 (6.77) | 6550 (12.22) | <0.001* |
| Hypertension | 9273 (13.84) | 1916 (14.3) | 7357 (13.37) | 0.088 |
| CKD | 931 (1.39) | 137 (1.02) | 794 (1.48) | 0.878 |
| Osteoporosis | 1466 (2.19) | 503 (3.75) | 963 (1.80) | <0.001* |
| Bisphosphonates | 6471 (9.66) | 1454 (10.85) | 5017 (9.36) | <0.001* |
| Steroids | 2775 (4.14) | 2633 (19.56) | 142 (0.26) | <0.001* |
| Radiotherapy | 39 (0.06) | 1 (0.01) | 38 (0.07) | 0.004* |
| Chemotherapy | 245 (0.37) | 58 (0.48) | 187 (0.35) | 0.148 |
P value (categorical variables: χ2/Fisher exact test; continuous variables: t test).
CKD, chronic kidney disease; DM, diabetes mellitus.