Table 4:

Multivariable linear regression model for pain score (n=89)

Characteristic	Coefficient	95% CI	P-value
Age (years)	-0.05	(−0.10 - −0.001)	0.04*
Male gender (vs female)	-0.32	(−2.03 – 1.38)	0.71
Race-Ethnicity (vs Non-Hispanic White)
Hispanic	-0.23	(−2.91 –2.45)	0.87
Non-Hispanic Black	-0.04	(−2.38 – 2.29)	0.97
Other	-0.62	(−3.27 – 2.04)	0.64
Received opioid prescription at discharge (vs did not)	2.06	(0.09 – 4.02)	0.04*
Charlson Score (points)
1st quartile (0 points)	Ref	Ref	Ref
2nd quartile (1–2 points)	0.43	(−1.26 – 2.13)	0.61
3rd quartile (3–4 points)	0.24	(−1.83 – 2.31)	0.82
4th quartile (5–11 points)	2.27	0.19 – 4.36	0.03*
Length of admission (days)	0.16	(−0.11 – 4.37)	0.24
Body Mass Index	0.09	(−0.01 – 0.19)	0.07

R² = 0.21; Adjusted R²= 0.10

^*Significant at p<0.05

Variables tested in the model but not significant and therefore excluded: Insurance status.

Variables not significant at p<0.25 in univariate analysis and therefore not tested in the model: type of surgery, diagnosis of secondary hyperparathyroidism, history of chronic pain disorder, substance use, tobacco use, psychiatric illness or medication, prescription of a non-opioid analgesic, elapsed time between surgery and survey, insurance status