Table 5.
Association of baseline FGF21 levels with individual components of incident MetS over follow-up period.
| FGF21 levels | n | Outcome (%) | HR (95% CI) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abdominal obesity | ||||
| ln-transformed FGF21, per SD (1.573) | 2209 | 26.3 | 1.04 (0.86–1.25) | 0.68 |
| FGF21 quartile | ||||
| 1 (≤ 57.9 pg/mL) | 552 | 24.1 | 1.00 (referent) | – |
| 2 (58.0–114.7 pg/mL) | 552 | 26.3 | 1.03 (0.61–1.74) | 0.92 |
| 3 (114.8–198.3 pg/mL) | 553 | 25.9 | 0.85 (0.49–1.48) | 0.56 |
| 4 (≥198.4 pg/mL) | 552 | 28.8 | 1.16 (0.68–1.97) | 0.59 |
| Overall p | – | 0.73 | ||
| Elevated triglycerides | ||||
| ln-transformed FGF21, per SD (1.504) | 3071 | 23.6 | 1.26 (1.08–1.47) | 0.003 |
| FGF21 quartile | ||||
| 1 (≤61.5 pg/mL) | 769 | 17.7 | 1.00 (referent) | – |
| 2 (61.6–118.6 pg/mL) | 768 | 23.4 | 1.23 (0.83–1.82) | 0.30 |
| 3 (118.7–203.0 pg/mL) | 768 | 22.9 | 1.36 (0.92–2.02) | 0.13 |
| 4 (≥203.1 pg/mL) | 766 | 30.3 | 2.21 (1.52–3.21) | < 0.001 |
| Overall p | – | < 0.001 | ||
| Reduced HDL-C | ||||
| ln-transformed FGF21, per SD (1.486) | 2886 | 20.7 | 1.08 (0.92–1.26) | 0.36 |
| FGF21 quartile | ||||
| 1 (<63.7 pg/mL) | 722 | 16.5 | 1.00 (referent) | – |
| 2 (63.8–119.7 pg/mL) | 7 21 | 21.9 | 1.30 (0.85–2.01) | 0.23 |
| 3 (119.8–204.7 pg/mL) | 721 | 19.8 | 1.12 (0.71–1.77) | 0.63 |
| 4 (>204.8 pg/mL) | 722 | 24.7 | 1.46 (0.94–2.28) | 0.093 |
| Overall p | – | 0.34 | ||
| Elevated BP | ||||
| ln-transformed FGF21, per SD (1.545) | 1990 | 45.1 | 1.04 (0.92–1.17) | 0.57 |
| FGF21 quartile | ||||
| 1 (≤57.7 pg/mL) | 497 | 41.0 | 1.00 (referent) | – |
| 2 (57.8–113.9 pg/mL) | 497 | 44.3 | 1.15 (0.82–1.60) | 0.41 |
| 3 (114.0–195.4 pg/mL) | 498 | 42.4 | 1.27 (0.91–1.77) | 0.15 |
| 4 (≥195.5 pg/mL) | 498 | 52.8 | 1.23 (0.89–1.71) | 0.22 |
| Overall p | – | 0.49 | ||
| Elevated blood glucose | ||||
| ln-transformed FGF21, per SD (1.483) | 3120 | 31.0 | 1.13 (0.99–1.29) | 0.062 |
| FGF21 quartile | ||||
| 1 (≤64.3 pg/mL) | 781 | 25.2 | 1.00 (referent) | – |
| 2 (64.4–121.2 pg/mL) | 779 | 30.7 | 1.47 (1.06–2.04) | 0.020 |
| 3 (121.3–207.7 pg/mL) | 780 | 31.4 | 1.36 (0.96–1.90) | 0.080 |
| 4 (≥207.8 pg/mL) | 780 | 36.8 | 1.25 (0.88–1.78) | 0.21 |
| Overall p | – | 0.13 |
Participants with the metabolic syndrome at baseline as well as those with that component at baseline were excluded from the analysis. Data were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, family income, smoking, pack-years of smoking, current alcohol use, physical activity, sedentary behavior, LDL-C, use of any lipid-lowering medication, eGFR, BMI, CRP, fibrinogen, IL-6, NT-proBNP (ln-transformed), and GGT at baseline.