Table 2.
Inguinal lymph node metastases and histopathologic characteristics and follow-up evaluation
| Total | Curative intent | Palliative intent | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
n = 27 n (%) |
n = 19 n (%) |
n = 8 n (%) |
|
| Time from Dx of rectal cancer until ILNM | |||
| Median months (IQR) | 6 (1–30) | 4 (0–4) | 24 (4–56) |
| Onset of ILNM | |||
| Synchronous | 15 (56) | 13 (68) | 2 (25) |
| Metachronous | 12 (44) | 6 (32) | 6 (75) |
| Location of ILNM | |||
| Unilateral | 19 (70) | 14 (74) | 5 (63) |
| Bilateral | 8 (30) | 5 (26) | 3 (38) |
| Solitary ILNM | |||
| No | 8 (30) | 3 (16) | 5 (63) |
| Yes | 19 (70) | 16 (84) | 3 (38) |
| Distant metastases elsewhere | |||
| Liver | 1 (4) | 1 (5) | 0 () |
| Lung | 1 (4) | 0 () | 1 (13) |
| Peritoneal | 2 (7) | 1 (5) | 1 (13) |
| Iliac lymph nodes and paraaortic | 1 (4) | 0 (0) | 1 (13) |
| Lung and spinal bone | 1 (4) | 0 (0) | 0 () |
| Liver and iliac lymph nodes | 2 (7) | 1 (5) | 1 (13) |
| Lung and iliac lymph nodes | 2 (7) | 0 (0) | 1 (13) |
| Neoadjuvant CTx for ILNM | |||
| No | 17 (63) | 9 (47) | N/A |
| Yes | 10 (27) | 10 (53) | N/A |
| ILND | |||
| No dissection | 10 (37) | 2 (11) | 8 (100) |
| Upfront | 7 (26) | 7 (37) | 0 (0) |
| Simultaneous with rectal tumor | 4 (15) | 4 (21) | 0 (0) |
| Metachronous during FU of rectal cancer | 6 (22) | 6 (37) | 0 (0) |
| Histopathology of inguinal lymph nodes specimena | |||
| Positive lymph nodes | |||
| No | NA | 4 (24) | NA |
| Yes | NA | 13 (76) | NA |
| Total no. of harvested nodes | |||
| Median (range) | NA | 12 (3–16) | NA |
| Total no. of positive nodes | |||
| Median (range) | NA | 1 (0–11) | NA |
| Follow-up after surgical treatment | |||
| Disease status at last follow-up | |||
| No evidence of disease | NA | 5 (29) | NA |
| Distant metastases | NA | 7 (41) | NA |
| Local recurrence of rectal cancer and | NA | 7 (41) | NA |
| Distant metastases | |||
| Inguinal lymph node recurrenceb | NA | 2 (12) | NA |
Numbers do not add up due to rounding
Dx diagnosis, ILNM inguinal lymph node metastases, IQR interquartile range, CTx chemotherapy, ILND inguinal lymph node dissection, FU follow-up, NA not applicable
a17 patients and 22 dissection specimens, due to five bilateral ILN
bNodal recurrence in dissected site