Table 1.
Biophysical stimulation on the regulation of bone matrix and growth factors
| Author | Physical method | In vitro models | Results |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jansen JH, BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2010 | PEMFs | hBMSCs | ↑ TGF-β1 ↑ BMP-2mRNA ↑ Differentiation |
| Esposito M, In Vivo. 2012 | PEMFs | hBMSCs | ↑ Proliferation ↑ Differentiation |
| Ceccarelli G, Biores Open Access. 2013 | PEMFs | hBMSCs | ↑ Proliferation ↑ ECM deposition |
| Zhou J, Bioelectromagnetics. 2013 | PEMFs | Rat calvarial osteoblasts | ↑ Proliferation |
| Hartig M, Eur Biophys J. 2000 | CCEF | Osteoblast from periosteum explants | ↑ Proliferation ↑ Differentiation |
| Wang Z, J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006 | CCEF | Osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1) | ↑ BMP-2,4,5,6,7 mRNA |
| Bisceglia B, Bioelectromagnetics. 2011 | CCEF | Osteoblast-like cell lines (SAOS-2) | ↑ Proliferation |
| Clark CC, J Orthop Res. 2014 | CCEF | Human calvarial osteoblasts | ↑ BMP-2,4 mRNA ↑ TGF-β1, β2, β3 mRNA ↑ FGF-2 |
| Hauser J, J Orthop Res. 2009 | LIPUS | Osteoblast-like cell lines (SAOS-2) | ↑ Proliferation |
| Fassina L, Bioinorg Chem Appl. 2010 | LIPUS | SAOS-2 human osteoblasts | ↑ Proliferation ↑ ECM deposition |
| Xue H, PLoS One. 2013 | LIPUS | Alveolar bone in vivo | ↑ BMP-2 mRNA |
| Carina V, J Appl Biomater Funct Mater. 2017 | LIPUS | Human mesenchymal stem cells | ↑ Proliferation ↑ MgHA/coll hybrid composite scaffold ↑ VEGF gene expression |