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. 2019 Feb 19;2019:1765182. doi: 10.1155/2019/1765182

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Metformin induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. (a) Cells were treated with or without 1, 5, and 10 mM metformin in serum starvation culture condition for 24 h. At the end of treatment, cells were fixed and stained with Guava nexin reagent for 30 min in the dark. Cell cycle was analyzed using flow cytometry. (b) The bar chart was depicted of quantitative results of cell cycle detection. Data represented the means ± S.E.M. of three independent experiments. ∗p<0.05, ∗∗p<0.01 versus control untreated group. (c) Cells were treated with or without 1, 5, and 10 mM metformin. The cells were then washed, trypsinized, and stained with Annexin V/7-AAD reagent for 20 min at room temperature. The percentage of cell apoptosis was examined using flow cytometry, (d) Apoptotic morphology of cells treated with or without 1, 5, and 10 mM metformin was stained by 10 μg/ml Hoechst 33342. Met: metformin, Q1: live cells, Q2: early apoptosis, Q3: late apoptosis, and Q4: necrosis.