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. 2019 Feb 19;21(2):e11505. doi: 10.2196/11505

Table 2.

Characteristics of the two cohorts.

Characteristic Development site (n=14,307) Validation site (n=21,172) χ2 or t (df) P value
Females, n (%) 6157 (43.03) 11,199 (52.90) 332.20a <.001
Age in years, n (%) 629.0 (4)b <.001

<50 3165 (22.12) 5593 (26.42) N/Ac N/A

50-60 3251 (22.72) 3844 (18.16) N/A N/A

60-70 3356 (23.46) 3517 (16.61) N/A N/A

70-80 3281 (22.93) 5039 (23.80) N/A N/A

>80 1254 (8.76) 3179 (15.02) N/A N/A
Length of stay in days, mean (SD) 8.54 (11.52) 8.15 (11.28) 3.14a .002
Medical diagnosis, n (%) 11,701.0 (7)b <.001

Neoplasm 4639 (32.4) 4869 (23.00) N/A N/A

Benign 385 (2.7) 1066 (5.03) N/A N/A

Circulatory disorder 5670 (39.6) 769 (3.63) N/A N/A

Respiratory and gastrointestinal disorders 655 (4.6) 5630 (26.60) N/A N/A

Surgical procedure 517 (3.6) 2163 (10.22) N/A N/A

Neurological disorder 998 (7.0) 263 (1.24) N/A N/A

Infectious disorder 115 (0.8) 813 (3.84) N/A N/A

Other 1328 (9.3) 5599 (26.45) N/A N/A
Presence of secondary diagnosis, n (%) 14,242 (99.6) 13,421 (63.40) 6497.45a <.001
Korean Patient Classification Systemd , n (%) 52.8 (4)b <.001

Group 1 227 (1.59) 377 (1.78) N/A N/A

Group 2 8197 (57.29) 11,349 (53.60) N/A N/A

Group 3 3898 (27.25) 5630 (26.59) N/A N/A

Group 4 1627 (11.37) 1332 (6.29) N/A N/A

Groups 5 and 6 262 (1.83) 0 (0) N/A N/A
Number of medications daily, mean (SD) 2.5 (6.8) 18.6 (9.9) −1835.04a <.001
Total number of medications, mean (SD) 24.4 (75.7) 172.3 (317.7) −63.07a <.001
Fall events 4.7 (1)b .09

One 231 (1.61) 284 (1.34) N/A N/A

Multiple 7 (0.05) 8 (0.04) N/A N/A

aχ2.

bt (df).

cN/A: not applicable.

dGroup 1 has the lowest nursing needs, while group 6 has the highest nursing needs.