Figure 1.

RYGB induces changes in the expression of genes related to cholesterol metabolism in the transposed intestine (Roux limb) of human patients. (A) RNA levels of several metabolic targets (n = 3 to 13 per group). Values represent mean ± SD and are shown in arbitrary units after normalization to housekeeping genes (see “Materials and Methods”). (B) Protein levels in pooled samples from RYGB-treated patients (n = 14; time after surgery, 18.9 ± 5 mo) and control patients (n = 13). (C) Protein levels in individual tissue lysate samples (n = 5 per group; 13.2 ± 1.30 mo after the surgery). For SREBP2, in Western blot the protein was detected in its active form. *P < 0.05, by one-sample t test. Loading control: ABCG5, ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 5; ABCG8, ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 8; ACAT2, acetyl-coenzyme A acetyltransferase 2; APOB, apolipoprotein B; B2M, β₂-microglobulin; C, control; HMGCS1, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A synthase 1; MTP, microsomal triglyceride transfer protein; MVD, mevalonate diphosphate decarboxylase; R, RYGB.