Table 1.

Sample characteristics (all primiparous women with singletons, with known mode of birth, N = 2139)

	Mode of birth
	SVD		Instrumental		Planned CS		Unplanned CS		Total
	n	%	N	%	N	%	n	%	n	%
Maternal age***
16–19	59	5.8	11	2.1	4	2.2	12	3.1	86	4.0
20–24	189	18.4	66	12.3	23	12.5	49	12.5	327	15.3
25–29	352	34.3	173	32.2	34	18.5	117	29.9	676	31.6
30–34	296	28.9	194	36.1	74	40.2	126	32.2	690	32.3
35–39	111	10.8	76	14.2	32	17.4	74	18.9	293	13.7
40+	19	1.9	17	3.2	17	9.2	13	3.3	66	3.1
Total (Missing = 1)	1027	100.0	537	100.0	184	100.0	391	100.0	2138	100.0
Index of Multiple Deprivation
1	185	18.0	116	21.6	32	17.4	76	19.4	409	19.1
2	212	20.6	97	18.1	32	17.4	87	22.3	428	20.0
3	220	21.4	132	24.6	47	25.5	81	20.7	480	22.4
4	219	21.3	122	22.7	38	20.7	73	18.7	452	21.1
5 (most deprived)	191	18.6	70	13.0	35	19.0	74	18.9	370	17.3
Total	1027	100.0	537	100.0	184	100.0	391	100.0	2139	100.0
Ethnicity
White	865	85.6	466	89.1	151	85.8	326	86.0	1808	86.5
Mixed	27	2.7	8	1.5	2	1.1	7	1.8	44	2.1
Asian	95	9.4	40	7.6	13	7.4	33	8.7	181	8.7
Black	20	2.0	7	1.3	9	5.1	11	2.9	47	2.2
Other	4	0.4	2	0.4	1	0.6	2	0.5	9	0.4
Total (Missing = 50)	1011	100.0	523	100.0	176	100.0	379	100.0	2089	100.0
Age left full-time education (years)
< 17	143	14.1	72	13.4	35	19.6	54	13.9	304	14.3
17–18	268	26.4	140	26.1	47	26.3	111	28.5	566	26.7
19+	601	59.2	325	60.5	97	54.2	225	57.7	1248	58.8
Still in education	3	0.3	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	0.1
Total (Missing = 18)	1015	100.0	537	100.0	179	100.0	390	100.0	2121	100.0

* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001