Table 1.
Demographic data, airway characteristics, complications and hemodynamic responses
| CVS-V group (n = 50) | CVS-L group (n = 50) | DL group (n = 50) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic data | ||||
| Age (years) | 46 ± 12 | 47 ± 14 | 48 ± 12 | 0.575 |
| ASA class (I/II/III) | 16/31/3 | 15/33/2 | 10/36/4 | 0.634 |
| Gender (M/F) | 23/27 | 29/21 | 24/26 | 0.437 |
| Body height (cm) | 163 ± 8 | 165 ± 8 | 163 ± 8 | 0.313 |
| Body weight (kg) | 66 ± 11 | 68 ± 12 | 65 ± 13 | 0.478 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25 ± 3 | 25 ± 3 | 24 ± 4 | 0.878 |
| Airway characteristics | ||||
| Mallampati classification (1/2/3/4) | 8/16/20/6 | 12/17/12/9 | 12/11/19/8 | 0.512 |
| Thyromental distance (cm) | 6.5 ± 0.7 | 6.4 ± 0.7 | 6.6 ± 0.8 | 0.360 |
| Interincisor distance (cm) | 4.5 ± 0.8 | 4.6 ± 0.6 | 4.7 ± 0.6 | 0.304 |
| Neck circumference (cm) | 38 ± 5 | 39 ± 5 | 38 ± 4 | 0.431 |
| Complications | ||||
| Sore throat in the next daya (n; none/mild/moderate/severe) | 37/10/2/1 | 34/11/5/0 | 28/17/4/1 | 0.445 |
| Mucosa injury | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0.360 |
| Hemodynamic responseb | ||||
| Patients successfully intubated at the first attempt | 49 | 44 | 49 | |
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | ||||
| Preinduction | 98 ± 12 | 101 ± 15 | 98 ± 12 | 0.321 |
| 1 min after intubation | 98 ± 23c | 107 ± 21 | 104 ± 22 | 0.164 |
| 5 min after intubation | 74 ± 14 | 78 ± 16 | 77 ± 17 | 0.575 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | ||||
| Preinduction | 74 ± 14 | 77 ± 12 | 70 ± 11 | 0.149 |
| 1 min after intubation | 89 ± 15 | 94 ± 17 | 88 ± 14 | 0.571 |
| 5 min after intubation | 84 ± 15 | 86 ± 16 | 81 ± 14 | 0.926 |
Values are shown as mean ± standard deviation or number
a Sore throat was graded according to numerical rating scale (NRS): none, NRS = 0; mild, NRS = 1–3; moderate, NRS = 4–6; severe, NRS = 7–10
b Analysis of hemodynamic response excluded patients who need second attempt. Preinduction variables are referred to as covariate of 1 min or 5 min after intubation variables in the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). No significant hemodynamic response to endotracheal intubation was seen in any of the three groups
c No statistical difference versus preinduction value within the group