Table 1.

Some characteristics of overdose prevention sites observed

	OPS 1	OPS 2	OPS 3
Location	Within a non-profit housing site in Downtown Eastside	Drug user union in Downtown Eastside	Adjacent an alley in Downtown Eastside
Staff onsite	Non-peer site operator Trained peer staff	Trained peer staff from drug user union	Non-peer site operators Volunteers Trained peer staff
Capacity	Approximately 7	Approximately 10	Approximately 22+ (combined locations)
Design	Separate tables 4 tables each accommodating 1 individual Small ‘chill out’ seating area for approximately 3–4 people	Shared communal tables 3 tables each accommodating 2 individuals Couch ‘chill zone’ in separate room	Trailer with communal tables Approx. 8–10 numbered seats# Outside tent Approx. 10 unnumbered seats plus standing room Unofficial outside ‘chill zone’ Operated without electricity for portion of study period
Consumption types	Injection only	Injection only	Injection & inhalation
Services offered*	Monitoring and supervision Narcan administration Oxygen administration (oxygen tank) Harm reduction supplies and education	Monitoring and supervision Narcan administration Harm reduction supplies and education Take home naloxone training	Monitoring and supervision Narcan administration Oxygen administration (oxygen tank) Harm reduction supplies and education
Rules++	No selling or buying drugs No assisted injection 15 minute time limit No using at the same table at the same time Respectful conduct	No selling or buying drugs No assisted injection 15 minute time limit Respectful conduct	No selling or buying drugs No assisted injection No time limit observed Respectful conduct

⁺Elements included in this table are approximations based on observations undertaken during the course of the study. Given the context of the public health emergency, changes were often made on a day-to-day basis.

^#Number changed over the course of the study.

^*These are a select number of services offered during the course of the study that have since increased.

⁺⁺This list is not comprehensive. Rules were variable; for instance, assisted injection was not enforced.