Table 1. General characteristics of study participants.
| Characteristic | Women (n=91) | Men (n=41) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 56.8±6.15 | 54.9±7.80 | 0.150 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.0±4.45 | 27.8±3.96 | 0.279 |
| WC (cm) | 90.2±12.82 | 101±11.6 | <0.001 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 5.40±0.38 | 5.56±0.41 | 0.029 |
| Insulin (µIU//L)# | 6.36 (3.60-11.45) | 7.60 (3.67-15.52) | 0.187 |
| HOMA-IR# | 1.54 (0.87-2.76) | 1.99 (0.92-3.95) | 0.180 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 6.13±1.09 | 6.10±1.55 | 0.900 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)# | 1.57 (1.32-1.93) | 1.19 (0.88-1.37) | <0.001 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.01±1.16 | 4.01±1.52 | 0.989 |
| TG (mmol/L)# | 1.21 (0.92-1.68) | 1.93 (1.13-2.64) | <0.001 |
| Non-HDL-c (mmol/L)# | 4.29 (3.73-5.19) | 4.40 (3.65-5.61) | 0.545 |
| TG/HDL-c ratio# | 0.77 (0.49-1.16) | 1.57 (0.92-2.79) | <0.001 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 134±16.7 | 140±13.8 | 0.031 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 84.1±11.39 | 88.2±9.03 | 0.322 |
| Creatinine (µmol/L) | 58.2±10.19 | 76.4±11.81 | <0.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 96.8±11.26 | 95.6±11.01 | 0.588 |
| UAE (mg/24 h)# | 6.07 (4.93-8.53) | 6.65 (5.05-9.17) | 0.521 |
| hsCRP (mg/L)# | 1.05 (0.51-2.24) | 1.46 (0.76-1.78) | 0.696 |
| Family history, n (%) | 17 (18.7) | 13 (31.7) | 0.156 |
| RRS (%)# | 2.00 (1.00-4.00) | 10.00 (5.75-13.00) | <0.001 |
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or #median (interquartile range); BMI = body mass index; WC = waist circumference; HOMA-IR = homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; TC = total cholesterol; HDL-cholesterol = high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-cholesterol = low density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG = triglycerides; SBP = systolic blood pressure; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; UAE = urinary albumin excretion; hsCRP = high sensitivity C-reactive protein; RRS = Reynolds Risk Score