| Term |
Explanation |
| Acute pharyngitis |
Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the pharynx; sore throat |
| Adenotonsillectomy |
Surgical removing of tonsils and adenoids |
| Anaphylactic shock |
Allergic reaction characterised by swelling, collapse, and respiratory distress |
| Antistreptolysin O titre |
Blood test to measure antibodies against streptolysin O, a substance produced by group A Streptococcus bacteria |
| Beta‐haemolytic streptococcus |
Pathogenic Streptococci, anaerobic bacteria, gram positive, often arranged in a chain |
| Chronic tonsillitis |
Constant or recurrent infection of tonsils |
| Cytokines |
Broad category of small proteins that are important in cell signalling. They are released by cells, and affect the behaviour of other cells and sometimes the releasing cell itself |
| Cutaneous lymphocyte–associated antigen (CLA) |
The CLA is a fucose‐containing carbohydrate that is attached to P‐selectin glycoprotein ligand‐1 on T cells. CLA is expressed on the surface of most T cells recovered from skin, and on about 5% to 10% of circulating CD8+ T cells |
| Dendritic cells |
A subtype of white blood cells |
| Epidermal |
Related to the outer layer of the skin |
| Epidermal hyperplasia |
Abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in the epidermis of the skin, which increases its volume |
| Erythematous |
Redness of the skin |
| Erythematosquamous |
Redness and covered with scales |
| Hyperkeratosis |
Thickening of the cornea |
| Histological |
Related to the examination of a piece of tissue, with a microscope |
| Homozygous |
Having identical pairs of genes for any given pair of hereditary characteristics |
| Heterozygous |
Having dissimilar pairs of genes for any given pair of hereditary characteristics |
| Interleukin 17 (IL‐17) |
A pro‐inflammatory cytokine |
| Immune‐mediated disease |
Group of conditions or diseases that lack a definitive etiology, but that are characterised by common inflammatory pathways leading to inflammation, and which may result from, or be triggered by, a dysregulation of the normal immune response |
| Keratinocytes |
The most important cell type in the epidermis, the most superficial layer of the skin |
| Macrolide antibiotics |
A specific family of antibiotics |
| Neutrophils |
A subtype of white blood cells |
| Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) |
Index used to express the severity of psoriasis. It combines the severity (erythema or redness, induration, and desquamation) and percentage of the affected area |
| Physician Global Assessment (PGA) |
Average assessment of all psoriatic lesions based on erythema (redness), scale, and induration |
| Pathogens |
Micro‐organisms responsible for infection (such as virus or bacteria) |
| Pathophysiology, physiopathological |
Convergence of pathology with physiology. Pathophysiology seeks to explain the physiological processes or mechanisms whereby a condition develops and progresses |
| Ribonucleic acid (RNA) |
Polymeric molecule. It is involved in a range of biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes |
| Serology/serologic |
Refers to the diagnostic identification of antibodies in the serum |
| Stevens‐Johnson syndrome |
Allergic reaction to a drug characterised by mucous membrane and skin epidermal necrolysis and involving less than 10% of the entire body surface |
| Toxic epidermal necrolysis |
Allergic reaction to a drug characterised by mucous membrane and skin epidermal necrolysis and involving more than 30% of the entire body surface |
| T lymphocytes, T cells |
A subtype of a white blood cell |
