Table 3. Comparison of the clinical, immunophenotypic, and genetic characteristics of 26 de novo pediatric AML patients at diagnosis with respect to JL1 expression status.
| Variables | JL1 negative (N = 4) | JL1 positive (N = 22) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (M : F) | 3 : 1 | 12 : 10 | 0.614§ |
| Age (month) | 100.5 ± 83.62 | 142.9 ± 57.34 | 0.214† |
| WBC ( × 109/L) | 31.77 ± 59.81 | 105.55 ± 158.35 | 0.373† |
| Hb ( × 10 g/L) | 8.33 ± 1.56 | 6.96 ± 1.55 | 0.119† |
| PLT ( × 109/L) | 86,750 ± 42,360 | 95,090 ± 112,630 | 0.887† |
| Blast in PB (%) | 19.25 ± 33.89 | 56.50 ± 32.85 | 0.049† |
| Blast in BM (%) | 64.00 ± 38.82 | 75.45 ± 20.47 | 0.380† |
| Days from Dx to 1st CR | 95.0 ± 62.7 | 83.9 ± 74.7 | 0.786† |
| Hematologic CR achievement (%) | 4/4 (100.0) | 19/22 (86.4) | 0.432§ |
| Relapse after 1st CR (%) | 2/4 (50.0) | 2/19 (10.5) | 0.125§ |
| JL1 expression* (%) | 4.30 (1.00–8.00) | 59.45 (21.00–100.00) | 0.002‡ |
| CD45 expression (%) | 61.95 ± 26.96 | 72.30 ± 19.30 | 0.361† |
| CD34 expression (%) | 13.23 ± 25.25 | 42.80 ± 34.64 | 0.119† |
| TdT expression (%) | 0.60 ± 0.52 | 4.24 ± 34.64 | 0.213† |
| CD13 expression (%) | 42.95 ± 34.37 | 78.29 ± 22.29 | 0.013† |
| CD33 expression (%) | 90.20 ± 14.71 | 74.87 ± 25.95 | 0.267† |
| CD10 expression (%) | 0.55 ± 0.47 | 3.04 ± 8.70 | 0.579† |
| CD19 expression (%) | 5.55 ± 7.88 | 9.78 ± 19.57 | 0.678† |
| cCD22 expression (%) | 0.78 ± 0.35 | 1.31 ± 2.22 | 0.639† |
| CD2 expression (%) | 1.58 ± 1.45 | 7.82 ± 12.77 | 0.346† |
| CD7 expression (%) | 1.63 ± 2.07 | 14.58 ± 24.18 | 0.303† |
| CD56 expression (%) | 31.15 ± 41.83 | 21.80 ± 32.87 | 0.695† |
| MPO expression (%) | 13.15 ± 20.92 | 28.73 ± 28.71 | 0.314† |
| HLA-DR expression (%) | 92.20 ± 9.68 | 64.64 ± 37.31 | 0.161† |
| CD117 expression (%) | 43.10 ± 25.91 | 55.77 ± 32.67 | 0.472† |
| CD65 expression (%) | 72.28 ± 29.71 | 31.50 ± 24.82 | 0.007† |
| CD15 expression (%) | 69.55 ± 35.64 | 35.27 ± 24.43 | 0.024† |
| CD14 expression (%) | 1.48 ± 0.92 | 9.90 ± 17.30 | 0.348† |
| CD41 expression (%) | 2.40 ± 1.77 | 3.10 ± 3.62 | 0.714† |
| FLT3-TKD mutation (%) | 0/4 (0.0%) | 0/22 (0.0%) | NA§ |
| FLT3-ITD mutation (%) | 0/4 (0.0%) | 6/22 (27.3%) | 0.542§ |
| c-KIT mutation (%) | 0/4 (0.0%) | 4/22 (18.2%) | 0.354§ |
| NPM1 mutations (%) | 1/4 (25.0%) | 1/22 (4.5%) | 0.289§ |
| CEBPA mutations (%) | 0/4 (0.0%) | 0/22 (0.0%) | NA§ |
| RGA from PCR (%) | 2/4 (50.0%) | 12/22 (54.5%) | 0.867§ |
| PCR results (N of patients) | KMT2A-MLLT3 (2) | KMT2A-MLLT3 (1) | NA |
| Normal (2) | RUNX1-RUNX1T1 (6) | ||
| PML-RARA (2) | |||
| CBFB-MYH11 (3) | |||
| SET-NUP214 (1) | |||
| Normal (9) | |||
| Karyotype results (N of patients) | +8 (1) | inv(16)(p13.1q22) (3) complex (2) | NA |
| t(9;11)(p22;q23) (1) complex (1) | del(13q) (1) | ||
| Normal (1) | del(9q) (1) | ||
| t(9;11)(p22;q23) (2) | |||
| t(15;17)(q24;q21) (2) | |||
| t(8;21)(q22;q22) (6) | |||
| +8 (1) | |||
| Normal (4) |
*This variable did not show normal distribution in the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test; thus, the median values and ranges are presented. All other continuous variables are presented as mean±SD.
P values were obtained from the Student t-test†, Mann-Whitney U test‡ and chi-square/Fisher's exact test§.
Abbreviations: M, male; F, female; WBC, white blood cells; PLT, platelets; PB, peripheral blood; BM, bone marrow; Dx, diagnosis; CR, complete remission; RGA, recurrent genetic abnormalities included in the 2016 WHO classification; MPO, myeloperoxidase; NA, not applicable; CD, cluster of differentiations; TdT, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase; c, cytoplasmic; MPO, myeloperoxidase; FLT3-ITD, fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 gene internal tandem duplications; TKD, tyrosine kinase domain; NPM1, nucleophosmin; CEBPA, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α; t, translocation; inv, inversion; del, deletion.