Table 2.
Histopathological characteristic of placenta according to the study groups.
| Variables | Group 1 | Group 2 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Insulin treatment | Diet management | ||||
| Non-obese (A) | Obese (B) | Non-obese (A) | Obese (B) | ||
| Placental weight (g) | 503 ± 138.4 | 599 ± 136.0 | 521 ± 120.2 | 571 ± 125.9 | 0.003 |
| Fetal Placental Ratio | 8.3 ± 10.8 | 6.1 ± 0.9 | 6.5 ± 1.2 | 6.4 ± 0.8 | 0.158 |
| Composite MVM rate, n (%) | 19 (57.5) | 13 (36.1) | 42 (53.2) | 19 (44.2) | 0.230 |
| Vascular lesions related to maternal malperfusion | 2 (6.1) | 2 (5.6) | 7 (8.9) | 2 (4.6) | 0.811 |
| Villous lesions related to maternal malperfusion | 17 (51.5) | 11 (30.6) | 37 (46.8) | 17 (39.5) | 0.268 |
| Composite FVM rate, n (%) | 2 (6.1) | 3 (8.3) | 11 (13.9) | 12 (27.9) | 0.027 |
| Vascular lesions with FTOD, n (%) | 2 (6.1) | 2 (5.6) | 2 (2.5) | 4 (9.3) | 0.449 |
| Villous lesions with FDOD, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.8) | 9 (11.4) | 9 (20.9) | 0.009 |
| MIR n (%) | 4 (12.1) | 1 (2.8) | 9 (11.4) | 5 (13.9) | 0.467 |
| FIR n (%) | 3 (9.1) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (6.3) | 2 (4.7) | 0.590 |
By-group comparisons made using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) simultaneously comparing all study groups.