Table 3.
Performance on digital clock drawing task variables in healthy control (HC) individuals, patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and patients with mild dementia due to AD (mAD).
| Group | p-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HC | aMCI | mAD | ||
| n = 137 | n = 138 | n = 106 | ||
| dCDT total time (ms) | 43393.4 (15218.3) | 69083.0 (32273.6) | 105350.8 (61313.0) | <0.0001 HC < MCI*** HC < mAD*** MCI < mAD*** |
| dCDT time on surface (ms) | 14550.9 (5069.5) | 18641.4 (6660.3) | 21027.8 (7277.5) | <0.0001 HC < MCI*** HC < mAD*** MCI < mAD** |
| dCDT strokes per minute | 39.4 (14.4) | 32.7 (12.7) | 24.6 (12.1) | <0.0001 HC < MCI*** HC < mAD*** MCI < mAD*** |
| dCDT time in air (ms) | 13472.6 (4936.3) | 24819.4 (13790.4) | 38409.9 (24607.6) | <0.0001 HC < MCI*** HC < mAD*** MCI < mAD*** |
| dCDT time not painting (ms) | 34264.4 (19458.7) | 52519.8 (38932.7) | 79341.5 (59763.3) | <0.0001 HC < MCI*** HC < mAD*** MCI < mAD*** |
| dCDT pen-up stroke length | 2189.9 (10358.1) | 3001.9 (1633.1) | 3612.9 (2462.3) | <0.0001 HC < MCI*** HC < mAD*** MCI < mAD* |
| dCDT pen-up/pen-down relation | 1.07 (0.43) | 1.32 (0.69) | 1.63 (0.87) | <0.0001 HC < MCI** HC < mAD*** MCI < mAD** |
| dCDT velocity | 9.4 (2.2) | 8.3 (2.2) | 7.0 (1.9) | <0.0001 HC > MCI*** HC > mAD*** MCI > mAD*** |
| dCDT pressure | 0.31 (0.09) | 0.29 (0.09) | 0.33 (0.12) | 0.033 |
| dCDT pressure-velocity relation | 2.18 (0.79) | 2.21 (1.00) | 2.82 (1.38) | <0.0001 HC < mAD*** MCI < mAD*** |
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.001; ***p < 0.0001.
Values are displayed in mean (standard deviation); n = number; HC: healthy control individuals; aMCI: amnestic mild cognitive impairment; mAD: mild Alzheimer-type dementia; dCDT = digital Clock Drawing Test; ms = time in milliseconds.