Table 1:

The characteristics of selected studies for the meta-analysis of the relation between anxiety and religious orientation in college students 1986–2016

Author	Year of study	Type of study	Country	Type of Population	Type of Religions	Total cases	Mean ±SD	Male (%)	QS	r
Maltby J et al ( 1 )	1999	cross-sectional	UK	USU	Not reported	360	20.41±2.5 (18–29)	47.8	21	0.11
Amrai K et al ( 2 )	2011	cross-sectional	Iran	USU	Muslim	347	NR	38.9	23	NR
Buzdar M.A et al( 3 )	2014	cross-sectional	Iran	USU	Muslim	502	NR	0.0	18	0.011
García J et al( 4 )	2013	cross-sectional	Spain	USU	Non-Muslim	180	20.91±6.7 (18–55)	23.3	24	NR
Steffen P.R et al ( 5 )	2013	cross-sectional	USA	USU	Non-Muslim	1025	20.91±3.7 (18–31)	NR	17	−0.33
Lavrič M et al ( 6 )	2007	cross-sectional	UK	USU	Muslim and Non-Muslim	1786	20.91±1.5 (20–21)	NR	20	−0.149
Ghorbani N et al( 7 )	2008	cross-sectional	Iran	USU	Muslim	131	20.91±2.0 (NR)	38.9	25	−0.05
Khan Z.HP et al ( 8 )	2008	cross-sectional	Pakistan	USU	Muslim	160	21.4±1.8 (NR)	48.8	20	0.18
Bergin A et al ( 9 )	1987	cross-sectional		USU	No referred	151	NR	100.0	22	−0.27
Maltby, J., et al ( 10 )	1999	cross-sectional	Spain	USU	No referred	474	20.3±2.5 (18–29)	53.0	19	−0.17
Kuyel N et al ( 11 )	2012	cross-sectional	Turkish	USU	Muslim	341	21.05±1.6 (18–26)	100.0	14	−0.02
Davis T.L et al( 12 )	2003	cross-sectional	USA	HSS	Catholic, Protestant, Mormon, Jewish, other Christian, no religion	45	15.2±0.92 (14–17)	44.4	18	−0.45
Pierce Jr J.D et al( 13 )	2007	cross-sectional	USA	HSS and HSS	Catholic, Protestant	118	18.8±2.7 (13–25)	100.0	22	0.24

NR: Not Reported; USU: Undergraduate Student at University; HSS: High School Student; n: sample size; QS=Quality of studies