Table 3.

Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) questions.

Time	Questionsa
11:00 am	1. How physically hungry are you right now? (sliding response: “not at all hungry” to “very hungry”) 2. Since you woke up today, have you craved a particular type of food or drink? (2 choices: “Yes” or “No”) 2a. How strong was that craving? (sliding response: “not strong” to “very strong”) 2b. Did you eat or drink anything in response to that craving (2 choices: “yes” or “no”) 2c. What food or drink did you eat? (open-ended response with a blank text box) 2d. Once you began eating in response to this craving, did you feel you could stop? (sliding response: “I could stop” to “I could NOT stop”)
4:30 pm	1. How physically hungry are you right now? (sliding response: “not at all hungry” to “very hungry”) 2. Since you last responded to one of our texts, have you craved a particular type of food or drink? (2 choices: “yes” or “no”) 2a. How strong was that craving? (sliding response: “not strong” to “very strong”) 2b. Did you eat or drink anything in response to that craving? (2 choices: “yes” or “no”) 2c. What food or drink did you eat? (open-ended response with a blank text box) 2d. Once you began eating in response to this craving, did you feel you could stop? (sliding response: “I could stop” to “I could NOT stop”)
9:00 pm	1-2d questions (identical to 4:30 pm) 3. Today, did you have any other cravings for food or drink that you haven’t yet told us about in one of these texts? (2 choices: “yes” or “no”) 3a. How strong was that craving? (sliding response: “not strong” to “very strong”) 3b. Did you eat or drink anything in response to that craving? (2 choices: “yes” or “no”) 3c. What food or drink did you eat? (open-ended response with a blank text box) 3d Once you began eating in response to this craving, did you feel you could stop? (sliding response: “I could stop” to “I could NOT stop”) 4. Over the entire day, how much have you felt happy/pleased/cheerful? (sliding response: “not at all” to “all the time”) 5. Over the entire day, how much have you felt unhappy/sad/frustrated? (sliding response: “not at all” to “all the time”) 6. Over the course of the entire day, what’s the most stressed you’ve felt? (sliding response: “not at all stressed” to “very stressed”)

^aThe prespecified outcome variable is craving-related eating, as assessed in item 2b (11:00 am, 4:30 pm, and 9:00 pm) and item 3b (11:00 pm only).