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Ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) absorption spectra of PEDOT-Tos (1 mg·mL−1 dispersed in n-butanol) are plotted. (a) PEDOT-Tos 1 synthesized with a small concentration of the oxidant (1 wt %), which cannot be doped more than the intrinsic level by excess sulfonate (sodium p-toluenesulfonate). (b) Peaks increasing with the concentration of the oxidant used for the synthesis of PEDOT-Tos are observed at approximately 1200 nm (bipolaron state) in the absorption spectra.
