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X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis confirms the ratio of sulfonate anions (Tos) and thiophene (EDOT) tend to increase with the concentrations of the oxidant. The doublet with a binding energy of about from 166 to 170 eV represents Tos, whereas the thiopehen of the PEDOT chain has a binding energy of about 162.5 to 166.5 eV. The PEDOT-Tos 1 exhibits peak shifts toward higher energy, which is considered to be a weak interaction with the counter-ion.
