Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Process overview of CQD–PVA composite film synthesis. ① Citric acid (CA), branched polyethylene imine (b-PEI), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) mixed in water; ② Solvothermal synthesis; ③ Film casting by spiral bar coating and film drying. Alternatively, a glass vial was coated with the CQDs–PVA solution by dip coating. (Reproduced with permission from Reference [40]. Copyright 2017 The Royal Society of Chemistry).
