1. Characteristics of included studies.
Study | RCT Design | N rand. | Country/region | Interventiona (dose in μg) | Participant baseline characteristics | ||||
Age, yearsb | Male (%)b | % pred. FEV1c | Smoking status | ICS use (%)b,d | |||||
Bateman 2013 | Parallel | 709 | Worldwide | IND/GLY 110/50 | 64.0‐64.4 | 73‐76 | 55 | 40.1‐40.5 | 56.5‐57.8 |
Beeh 2014 | Cross‐over | 85 | NS | IND/GLY 110/50 | 62.1 | 63 | 47 | 45 | 31 |
Beeh 2015 | Cross‐over | 219 | Europe, N. America | TIO/OLO 2.5/5; 5/5 | 61.1 | 59 | 54 | 62.6 | 41.1 |
Celli 2014 | Parallel | 678 | NS | UMEC/VI 125/25 | 62.2‐63.4 | 64‐66 | 48 | 50‐52 | 44‐50 |
Dahl 2013 | Parallel | 339 | Europe, Canada, Asia and South Africa | IND/GLY 110/50 | 62.5‐62.9 | 76‐77 | 57.5 | 45.1‐45.3 | 38.9‐45.8 |
Donohue 2013 | Parallel | 693 | Worldwide | UMEC/VI 62.5/25 | 62.2‐63.1 | 70‐74 | 47.5 | 49‐54 | 49‐51 |
Feldman 2012 | Parallel | 51 | USA | UMEC/VI 500/25 | 58.7‐59.2 | 57‐78 | 50 | 57‐78 | NR |
Larbig 2015 | Parallel | 811 | Worldwide | IND/GLY 110/50 | 64.6‐64.9 | 71‐77 | NR | NR | NR |
Mahler 2014 | Cross‐over | 247 | Europe, N. America | IND/GLY 110/50 | 62.8 | 70 | 56 | 45.5 | 54.9 |
Maltais 2014 | Parallel | 404 | Europe, N. America, S. America | TIO/OLO 2.5/5; 5/5 | 60.8‐63.1 | 65‐68 | 59 | NR | NR |
Maltais 2014b | Cross‐over | 349 | Europe, N. America, S. Africa | UMEC/VI 62.5/25; 125/25 | 61.6 | 56 | 51 | 63.2 | 28.2 |
Maltais 2014c | Cross‐over | 308 | Europe, N. America, Russia | UMEC/VI 62.5/25; 125/25 | 62.6 | 55 | 51 | 60.6 | 39.4 |
NCT00626522 | Parallel | 425 | Europe, Australia, Russia | ACD/FOR 200/6; 200/12; 200/18 | 60.7‐63.9 | 75‐82 | NR | NR | NR |
NCT02275052 | Cross‐over | 99 | USA | UMEC/VI 62.5/25 | 60.7 | 53 | NR | NR | NR |
O'Donnell 2015a | Cross‐over | 586 | N. America, S. America, Oceania, Europe | TIO/OLO 2.5/5; 5/5 | 61.7 | 71 | 58 | 39.1 | NR |
O'Donnell 2015b | Cross‐over | N, America, S. America, Russia, Europe | TIO/OLO 2.5/5; 5/5 | 61.7 | 71 | 58 | 39.1 | NR | |
Siler 2016 | Parallel | 498 | Europe, USA, Russia | UMEC/VI 62.5/25 | 62.6‐64.1 | 58‐60 | 47.5 | 52‐55 | 45‐50 |
Singh 2016a | Parallel | 608 | Europe, N. America, S. Africa | TIO/OLO 2.5/5; 5/5 | 64.7‐65.1 | 56‐62 | 55.5 | 43.1‐54.7 | 34.8‐41.9 |
Singh 2016b | Parallel | 606 | Europe N. America, S. Africa, Oceania | TIO/OLO 2.5/5; 5/5 | 64.0‐65.2 | 58‐66 | 54.5 | 44.6‐47.0 | 35.1‐41.1 |
Troosters 2016 | Parallel | 152 | Europe, Canada, Oceania | TIO/OLO 5/5 | 64.4‐65.0 | 63‐69 | NR | NR | NR |
Watz 2016 | Cross‐over | 194 | Germany | IND/GLY 110/50 | 62.8 | 66 | 62 | 56.7 | NR |
Zheng 2014 | Parallel | 580 | China, South‐east Asia | UMEC/VI 62.5/25; 125/5 | 63.7‐64.3 | 92‐94 | NR | 25‐34 | 51‐54 |
aPlacebo was the comparator in all studies. bRange across treatment arms reported where overall data were not reported. c % predicted FEV1 post‐bronchodilator. dConcomitant ICS use was permitted in all studies (not stated for Celli 2014, Larbig 2015; NCT00626522; Troosters 2016).
Abbreviations: ACD: aclidinium; FOR: formoterol; GLY: glycopyrronium; IND: indacaterol; NR: not reported; OLO: olodaterol; rand: randomised; RCT: randomised controlled trial; TIO: tiotropium; UMEC: umeclidinium; VI: vilanterol.