Table 2.

Meta-analytical evidence for biomarker specificity of regional atrophy in progressive supranuclear palsy as measured with structural magnetic resonance imaging.

Anatomical region
Neurodegenerative disease	Study	Thalamus	Midbrain	Insula	Cerebellar & cerebral pedunculi	Caudate nucleus
Gray matter
Parkinson's disease	(Shao et al., 2014; Shao et al., 2015, Albrecht et al., 2018)	−	−	−	−	−
Atypical Parkinson's syndromes
Corticobasal degeneration & syndrome	(Yu et al., 2015; Albrecht et al., 2017)	+	−	−	−	+
Progressive supranuclear palsy	(Present study, Shao et al., 2014; Yu et al., 2015; Shi et al., 2013)	+	+	+	−	+
Multiple system atrophy	(Shao et al., 2015)	+	+ (Red nucleus)	+	−	−
Lewy body dementia	(Zhong et al., 2014)	−	−	+	−	−
Alzheimer's disease	(Schroeter and Neumann, 2011; Schroeter et al., 2009; Yang et al., 2012a)	+	−	+	−	−
Behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia	(Schroeter et al., 2014; Schroeter and Neumann, 2011; Schroeter et al., 2008; Schroeter et al., 2007; Pan et al., 2012)	−	−	+	−	+
Primary progressive aphasias
Nonfluent/ agrammatic variant (progressive non-fluent aphasia)	(Bisenius et al., 2016; Schroeter and Neumann, 2011; Schroeter et al., 2007)	−	−	+	−	−
Semantic variant (semantic dementia)	(Bisenius et al., 2016; Schroeter and Neumann, 2011; Schroeter et al., 2007; Yang et al., 2012b)	−	−	−	−	−
Logopenic variant (logopenic aphasia)	(Bisenius et al., 2016)	−	−	−	−	−
White matter
Parkinson's disease	(Albrecht et al., 2018)	−	−	−	−	+
Atypical Parkinson's syndromes
Progressive supranuclear palsy	(Present study, Yang et al., 2014)	+	+	−	+	−
Alzheimer's disease	(Yin et al., 2015; Li et al., 2012a)	−	−	−	−	−

Meta-analyses were conducted by calculating either anatomical likelihood estimates (ALE) or effect-size signed differential mapping (SDM) in the gray or white matter.