Table 7.
Multivariable Cox regression for DSS of patients diagnosed with cholangiocarcinoma
| Parameters | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | |
|
| ||||
| Age at diagnosis, years | ||||
| ≤29 | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | ||
| 30–59 | 1.137 (0.875–1.478) | 0.338 | / | / |
| ≥60 | 1.452 (1.119–1.885) | 0.005 | 1.603 (1.233–2.083) | <0.001 |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | ||
| Female | 0.936 (0.898–0.976) | 0.002 | 0.854 (0.818–0.891) | <0.001 |
| Race | ||||
| White | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | ||
| Black | 1.105 (1.024–1.193) | 0.01 | 1.122 (1.038–1.211) | 0.004 |
| Other | 0.912 (0.857–0.97) | 0.003 | 0.963 (0.906–1.025) | 0.239 |
| Unknown | 0.649 (0.291–1.444) | 0.289 | / | / |
| Marital status | ||||
| Married | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | ||
| Unmarried | 1.216 (1.165–1.27) | <0.001 | 1.173 (1.121–1.226) | <0.001 |
| Unknown | 0.954 (0.846–1.076) | 0.443 | / | / |
| Location | ||||
| Intrahepatic | 1 [Reference] | |||
| Perihilar | 0.917 (0.872–0.965) | 0.001 | 0.948 (0.898–1.002) | 0.058 |
| Distal | 0.708 (0.634–0.792) | <0.001 | 0.85 (0.758–0.954) | 0.006 |
| Other | 1.328 (1.206–1.463) | <0.001 | 1.031 (0.933–1.139) | 0.549 |
| Grade | ||||
| Grade I, well differentiated | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | ||
| Grade II, moderately differentiated | 1.125 (1.012–1.251) | 0.029 | 1.218 (1.095–1.354) | <0.001 |
| Grade III, poorly differentiated | 1.656 (1.489–1.84) | <0.001 | 1.587 (1.427–1.766) | <0.001 |
| Grade IV, undifferentiated | 2.233 (1.732–2.88) | <0.001 | 1.662 (1.288–2.145) | <0.001 |
| Unknown | 2.065 (1.87–2.28) | <0.001 | 1.386 (1.253–1.532) | <0.001 |
| SEER histological stage | ||||
| Localized | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | ||
| Regional | 1.279 (1.202–1.361) | <0.001 | 1.129 (1.049–1.216) | 0.001 |
| Distant | 2.441 (2.3–2.592) | <0.001 | 1.701 (1.562–1.852) | <0.001 |
| Unknown | 1.888 (1.737–2.052) | <0.001 | 1.097 (0.999–1.205) | 0.054 |
| AJCC sixth stage | ||||
| I | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | ||
| II | 0.887 (0.771–1.022) | 0.097 | / | / |
| III | 1.511 (1.38–1.655) | <0.001 | 1.313 (1.179–1.462) | <0.001 |
| IV | 2.924 (2.684–3.185) | <0.001 | 1.153 (1.026–1.296) | 0.017 |
| Unknown | 2.427 (2.235–2.635) | <0.001 | 1.384 (1.247–1.536) | <0.001 |
| Tumor size | ||||
| <5 cm | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | ||
| 5–10 cm | 1.343 (1.245–1.449) | <0.001 | 1.042 (0.962–1.128) | 0.312 |
| >10 cm | 1.707 (1.548–1.883) | <0.001 | 1.172 (1.058–1.298) | 0.002 |
| Unknown | 2.101 (1.977–2.233) | <0.001 | 1.222 (1.137–1.314) | <0.001 |
| Surgery for first primary site | ||||
| Yes | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | ||
| No | 3.366 (3.176–3.568) | <0.001 | 2.478 (2.317–2.651) | <0.001 |
| Unknown | 3.387 (3.149–3.643) | <0.001 | 2.365 (2.167–2.582) | <0.001 |
| Number of primary malignancies | ||||
| Multiple primary malignancies | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | ||
| One primary malignancy | 4.82 (3.967–5.857) | <0.001 | 4.011 (3.299–4.876) | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer; DSS, disease specific survival; SEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results.