Ludwig 2011.

Methods	Quasi‐RCT June 2007 ‐ March 2009
Participants	135 patients Patients who underwent anatomic resection with curative intent for bronchial carcinoma
Interventions	Intervention: NIPPV (CPAP mode) 3 times a day + diaphragmatic breathing + postural correction + stretching + shoulder girdle motion Control: Diaphragmatic breathing + postural correction + stretching + shoulder girdle motion
Outcomes	Pulmonary complications Length of hospital stay Oxygen consumption 6‐minute walk test
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	High risk	The sequence of allocation was performed preoperatively according to year of birth
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	High risk	No description of allocation concealment
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Outcome data were objective
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	135 patients were enrolled and 135 finished the study
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	No evidence of selective reporting
Other bias	Low risk	No evidence of other bias