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. 2019 Mar 1;14:575–583. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S188422

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© 2019 Inoue and Ikeda. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited

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Body mass index and total serum protein, serum albumin, and C-reactive protein levels in each study group.

Notes: The horizontal solid lines show the mean values in each group. The statistical analysis was performed using the Steel–Dwass method. A, AECOPD without bacterial infection (group A); B, AECOPD with bacterial infection (group B); C, COPD in a stable state, control (group C).

Abbreviations: AECOPD, acute exacerbation of COPD; FEV₁%, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; %FEV₁, percentage of predicted value for FEV₁; NS, not statistically significant.