Table 1. Demographic data of patients and audiometric test results in each group.
| MCI | CNE(n = 39) | p† | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MCI with FED (n = 16) | MCI without FED (n = 30) | |||
| Demographics | ||||
| Age (years) | 66.56 ± 6.12 | 68.56 ± 6.34 | 63.92 ± 4.84 | 0.008** |
| Men/women | 6/10 | 6/24 | 14/25 | 0.296 |
| Education (years) | 7.00 (6.00−11.25) | 7.50 (6.00−12.00) | 12.00 (9.00−14.00) | 0.001** |
| K-MMSE | 25.00 (24.00−26.00) | 26.00 (24.75−29.00) | 29.00 (28.00−30.00) | < 0.001*** |
| SGDS | 4.00 (2.25−11.00) | 3.50 (2.00−8.00) | 1.00 (0.00−2.00) | < 0.001*** |
| Audiometric test results‡ | ||||
| PTAs | 21.35 ± 5.23 | 18.52 ± 5.35 | 18.72 ± 4.52 | 0.079 |
| 0.25 kHz | 17.34 ± 5.35 | 14.33 ± 6.12 | 11.60 ± 4.53 | 0.002** |
| 0.5 kHz | 17.18 ± 6.94 | 14.25 ± 7.25 | 15.06 ± 4.07 | 0.282 |
| 1 kHz | 21.25 (15.62−22.50) | 17.50 (12.50−22.50) | 17.50 (12.50−22.50) | 0.464 |
| 2 kHz | 25.00 (22.50−25.00) | 21.25 (12.50−22.50) | 20.00 (15.00−22.50) | 0.019* |
| 4 kHz | 35.00 (25.00−37.50) | 25.00 (17.50−35.62) | 22.50 (22.50−35.00) | 0.146 |
| 8 kHz | 50.78 ± 15.10 | 48.83 ± 21.63 | 40.00 ± 16.79 | 0.066 |
| SRT | 22.50 (18.12−25.00) | 20.00 (15.00−22.50) | 20.00 (15.00−22.50) | 0.138 |
| MCL | 61.25 (58.12−65.00) | 60.00 (55.00−62.50) | 60.00 (55.00−62.50) | 0.243 |
| SDS | 98.00 (92.00−100.00) | 96.00 (92.00−100.00) | 100.00 (96.00−100.00) | 0.085 |
| Speech-in-noise perception | ||||
| SSN condition | 34.68 ± 9.43 | 41.50 ± 19.40 | 56.02 ± 16.02 | < 0.001*** |
| MBN condition | 16.40 ± 13.13 | 25.83 ± 16.60 | 53.02 ± 15.17 | < 0.001*** |
Parametric and nonparametric data are presented as mean ± standard deviation and median (interquartile range), respectively.
*P < 0.05,
**P < 0.01,
***P < 0.001.
†Parametric and nonparametric data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and the Kruskal-Wallis test, respectively.
‡All audiometric test results were expressed as dB HL except for the SDS and speech perception results expressed as percentage.
Abbreviations: MCI, mild cognitive impairment; FED, frontal-executive dysfunction; CNE, cognitively normal elderly; K-MMSE, Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination; SGDS, Short version of Geriatric Depression Scale; PTAs, pure-tone averages; SRT, speech reception threshold; MCL, most comfortable loudness level; SDS, speech discrimination score; SSN, speech-spectrum noise; MBN, multi-talker babble noise.