Table 5. Crude and adjusted Odds Ratios of coping styles and PMDD.

Variable	Category	N° cases	%	N° controls	%	Crude OR	Adjusted OR*
Total coping	1st quartile	18	22.0	56	34.8	1	1
	2nd quartile	13	15.9	39	24.2	1.06 (0.46–2.41)	1.26 (0.51–3.13)
	3rd quartile	21	25.6	42	26.1	1.45 (0.66–3.16)	1.52 (0.61–3.75)
	4th quartile	30	36.6	24	14.9	4.03 (1.76–9.23)	3.94 (1.58–9.79)
Active coping	1st quartile	57	20.7	71	26.7	1	1
	2nd quartile	71	25.8	58	21.8	2.92 (1.21–7.07)	4.33 (1.56–12.00)
	3rd quartile	84	30.5	76	28.6	2.12 (0.93–4.81)	3.18 (1.23–8.20)
	4th quartile	63	22.9	61	22.9	1.51 (0.64–3.56)	1.83 (0.72–4.70)
Planning	1st quartile	18	22.0	68	41.2	1	1
	2nd quartile	23	28.0	32	19.4	2.62 (1.20–5.72)	2.65 (1.13–6.20)
	3rd quartile	22	26.8	45	27.3	2.04 (0.95–4.41)	2.14 (0.90–5.09)
	4th quartile	19	23.2	20	12.1	3.46 (1.45–8.26)	3.98 (1.53–10.35)
Positive reframing	1st quartile	21	7.6	17	6.4	1	1
	2nd quartile	87	31.4	91	34.1	1.04 (0.34–3.19)	1.27 (0.37–4.31)
	3rd quartile	58	20.9	56	21.0	0.84 (0.27–2.62)	0.85 (0.25–2.89)
	4th quartile	111	40.1	103	38.6	1.12 (0.38–3.34)	1.39 (0.42–4.60)
Acceptance	1st quartile	82	29.9	73	27.3	1	1
	2nd quartile	66	24.1	59	22.1	1.44 (0.68–3.07)	1.55 (0.67–3.58)
	3rd quartile	70	25.5	71	26.6	1.51 (0.71–3.22)	2.12 (0.91–4.94)
	4th quartile	56	20.4	64	24.0	0.87 (0.39–1.91)	0.98 (0.40–2.39)
Humor	1st quartile	74	26.8	66	24.7	1	1
	2nd quartile	101	36.6	107	40.1	0.87 (0.43–1.76)	0.98 (0.46–2.10)
	3rd quartile	23	8.3	31	11.6	1.29 (0.49–3.36)	1.37 (0.49–3.85)
	4th quartile	78	28.3	63	23.6	1.27 (0.61–2.64)	1.34 (0.59–3.00)
Religion	1st quartile	134	48.6	139	51.9	1	1
	2nd quartile	47	17.0	35	13.1	1.89 (0.87–4.01)	1.75 (0.77–3.98)
	3rd quartile	58	21.0	66	24.6	0.78 (0.39–1.57)	0.83 (0.39–1.76)
	4th quartile	37	13.4	28	10.4	1.42 (0.60–3.36)	1.05 (0.40–2.77)
Using emotional support	1st quartile	115	41.7	129	48.3	1	1
	2nd quartile	55	19.9	56	21.0	1.23 (0.60–2.50)	1.25 (0.57–2.72)
	3rd quartile	54	19.6	54	20.2	1.11 (0.55–2.27)	1.63 (0.72–3.67)
	4th quartile	52	18.8	28	10.5	2.10 (0.89–4.95)	2.04 (0.81–5.11)
Using instrumental support	1st quartile	35	42.2	85	51.8	1	1
	2nd quartile	11	13.3	32	19.5	0.81 (0.37–1.80)	0.75 (0.30–1.85)
	3rd quartile	19	22.9	29	17.7	1.64 (0.80–3.34)	2.33 (1.03–5.26)
	4th quartile	18	21.7	18	11.0	2.42 (1.09–5.37)	2.61 (1.11–6.15)
Self-distraction	1st quartile	23	27.7	71	43.0	1	1
	2nd quartile	18	21.7	50	30.3	1.22 (0.58–2.57)	1.11 (0.49–2.48)
	3rd quartile	18	21.7	24	14.5	1.98 (0.90–4.39)	2.18 (0.91–5.18)
	4th quartile	24	28.9	20	12.1	4.73 (2.00–11.15)	4.58 (1.80–11.64)
Denial	1st quartile	102	36.8	124	46.4	1	1
	2nd quartile	70	25.3	63	23.6	1 (0.49–2.07)	0.88 (0.41–1.91)
	3rd quartile	73	26.4	58	21.7	1.35 (0.70–2.63)	1.52 (0.72–3.19)
	4th quartile	32	11.6	22	8.2	2.64 (0.97–7.18)	1.60 (0.52–4.96)
Venting	1st quartile	18	21.7	48	29.3	1	1
	2nd quartile	19	22.9	56	34.1	0.66 (0.29–1.49)	0.65 (0.27–1.61)
	3rd quartile	18	21.7	38	23.2	0.97 (0.43–2.22)	0.79 (0.31–2.01)
	4th quartile	28	33.7	22	13.4	2.73 (1.31–5.69)	3.17 (1.34–7.46)
Substance use	no	59	71.1	153	92.7	1	1
	yes	24	28.9	12	7.3	5.94 (2.54–13.92)	5.95 (2.39–14.83)
Behavioral disengagement	1st quartile	27	32.9	88	53.7	1	1
	2nd quartile	23	28.0	41	25.0	1.74 (0.86–3.52)	1.51 (0.72–3.16)
	3rd quartile	19	23.2	26	15.9	2.61 (1.15–5.96)	2.28 (0.95–5.46)
	4th quartile	13	15.9	9	5.5	6.58 (2.14–20.26)	5.06 (1.46–17.53)
Self-Blame	1st quartile	20	24.1	61	37.0	1	1
	2nd quartile	18	21.7	56	33.9	1.03 (0.49–2.14)	1.11 (0.50–2.94)
	3rd quartile	14	16.9	30	18.2	1.47 (0.63–3.44)	1.54 (0.61–3.86)
	4th quartile	31	37.3	18	10.9	5.02 (2.29–11.04)	5.88 (2.43–14.2)

*Adjusted for sleep hours, sleep satisfaction and age at menarche