Table 3.
Effects of fasting periods of different duration on the circulating levels and the mRNA expression of the GH-IGF system endocrine components in several fish species.
|
Short-term fasting (1–6 days) |
Mid-term fasting (7–29 days) |
Long-term fasting (≥30 days) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Circulating levels | Brain/Pit expres. | Periph. expres. | Circulating levels | Brain/Pit expres. | Periph. expres. | Circulating levels | Brain expres. | Periph. expres. | |
| GH | Chinook salmon = (182) Tilapia ↑ (97) |
Channel catfish = ↑ (183) Chinook salmon ↑ (182) Coho salmon ↑ (76, 184) Fine flounder ↑ (162) Rainbow trout ↑ (185–187) Tilapia ↑ = (97, 188, 189) |
Channel catfish = ↑ (183) Cichlasoma dimerus = (190) Crucian carp ↓ (191) Grouper ↑ (192) Tilapia ↑ (188) |
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| IGF-I | Chinook salmon = ↓ (182) Tilapia ↓ (97) |
Chinook salmon = ↓ (182) | Channel catfish ↓ (183) Chinook salmon ↓ (182) Coho salmon ↓ (184) Rainbow trout ↓ (185) Tilapia ↓ (97, 188, 189, 193) |
Atlantic salmon = (145) Channel catfish ↓ (183) Chinook salmon ↓ (182) Coho salmon Cichlasoma dimerus = ↓ (190) ↓ = (76) Crucian carp ↓ (191) Grouper ↓ (192) Tilapia ↓ (188, 189, 193) Yellowtail = (194) |
Brown trout ↓ (195) Masu salmon ↓ (196) |
Masu salmon = (196) | |||
| IGF-II | Atlantic salmon = ↓ (145) Tilapia = (193) |
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= levels not altered; ↑ levels upregulated; ↓ levels downregulated