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. 2019 Mar 6;9:3710. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-40124-5

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Psychological scores in IBS patients and HV. Anxiety and depression scores were assessed using the anxiety and depression components of the HADS score, while somatization was assessed using the PHQ-15 score. The anxiety (A) (HV: 4.0 [1.5–6.0], n = 29; IBS-D: 12.5 [9.5–16.0], n = 10; IBS-C: 7.0 [5.0–13.0], n = 11; IBS-M: 10.5 [5.5–13.8], n = 8; Kruskal Wallis Test p < 0.0001; HV vs. IBS-D p < 0.001, HV vs. IBS-M p < 0.05) and depression (B) (HV: 1.0 [0–2.5], n = 29; IBS-D: 6.5 [2.0–7.3], n = 10; IBS-C: 2.0 [1.0–11.0], n = 11; IBS-M: 5/8 [3.5–8.8], n = 8; Kruskal Wallis Test p < 0.0001; HV vs. IBS-D p < 0.01, HV vs. IBS-M p < 0.01) scores for both IBS-D and IBS-M patients were significantly different from HV; no differences between subgroups was noted. Similarly, while all IBS subtypes exhibited increased somatization scores when compared to HV (C) (HV: 3.0 [1.0–5.0], n = 29; IBS-D: 18.0 [10.8–19.3], n = 10; IBS-C: 12.0 [10.0–16.0], n = 11; IBS-M: 13.0 [9.5–14.8], n = 8; Kruskal Wallis Test p < 0.0001; HV vs. IBS-D p < 0.001, HV vs. IBS-C p < 0.001, HV vs. IBS-M p < 0.01), no differences between subgroups were noted.