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. 2019 Mar 6;10:1087. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-09001-7

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Illustration of the multiple radical-sensitive approach for dynamic profiling of pathophysiology implications in vivo. a Design of near-infrared (NIR) light-mediated upconversion nanoprobe by incorporating reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS)-responsive HCy5 and reactive nitrogen species (RNS)-responsive Cy7 onto upconversion nanocrystal (UCN) surface. Upon radical stimulation, HCy5 and Cy7 underwent the structural regeneration and degradation, respectively, leading to ratiometric upconverted luminescence (UCL) and optoacoustic (OA) signal variations in NIR spectral region. b Dynamic profiling of pathophysiological implications to explore the underlying radical-induced inflammations by tailoring multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) with optical properties of UCNs in live mice