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. 2019 Mar 6;9:3763. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-40378-z

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Effect of enzymatic depletion of pyruvate on biofilms by P. aeruginosa clinical isolates and Staphylococcus aureus. (A) Biofilm biomass of biofilms by P. aeruginosa strains PAO1, PA14, and clinical strains isolated from the cystic fibrosis lung, chronic wounds, and the urinary tract, left untreated or exposed to 10 mU PDH, as determined using CV staining. (B) Biofilm biomass of 4-day old S. aureus biofilms left untreated (control), and exposed for 16 h to 10 mU PDH or heat-inactivated PDH (HK_PDH), as determined using CV staining. (C) Representative confocal images of S. aureus biofilms left untreated (control), and exposed to 10 mU PDH or heat-inactivated PDH (HK_PDH). (D) COMSTAT analysis of the S. aureus biofilm biomass. (E–G) S. aureus biofilms were grown for 4 days in the absence (control) or continued presence of heat-inactivated PDH (HK PDH) or 10 mU PDH. (E) CV staining of remaining biofilm biomass following 4 days of growth. (F) Representative confocal images of S. aureus biofilms left untreated or continuously exposed to 10 mU PDH. (G) COMSTAT analysis of confocal of S. aureus remaining biofilm biomass. Size bars = 100 µm. All experiments were carried out at least in triplicate. Error bars represent standard deviation. *Significantly different from untreated biofilms (p < 0.05).