Table 9.

Storage technologies

Name	Abbr.	Type	Inputs	Output
Utility-scale batteries	SBAT	Diurnal	Min and max capacity limits Charge and discharge Energy-to-power ratio Charge and discharge efficiency Self-discharge per hour	Optimal installed capacity Charge and discharge profiles
Prosumer batteries (Residential)	SBAR	Diurnal
Prosumer batteries (Commercial)	SBAC	Diurnal
Prosumer batteries (Industrial)	SBAI	Diurnal
Pumped hydro storage	SPHS	Diurnal
Hot heat storage	SHOT	Diurnal
Hydrogen storage	SHYD	Diurnal
District heat storage	SDHS	Mid-term
Biogas	SBGA	Mid-term
Adiabatic compressed air storage	SACA	Mid-term
Gas storage	SGAS	Seasonal
Liquid hydrocarbons	SLIQ	Seasonal