Table 1.

List of sample types and descriptions

Sample group type	Description
G1	Standard graphene. Samples grown at a constant ΔG of 36 kJ mol−1 from 0 and up to 14 min. After 6 min a complete monolayer is observed in the SEM and is called visually coalesced graphene (VCG). This 6-min graphene is sample S1. Points corresponding to sample S1 are indicated in Fig. 1h, i. Electrical data from sample S1 are presented in Supplementary Table 1, row number 5.
G2	Annealed graphene. Samples obtained by first growing up to point VCG at 36 kJ mol−1, sample S1 above, and then exposing to ΔG values higher than 36 kJ mol−1 in stage PGA-1 in Fig. 1a without breaking vacuum. Points corresponding to the specific sample S2 from this group, which was annealed at ΔG of 82 kJ mol−1, are indicated in Fig. 2a, b. Electrical data from sample S2 is presented in Supplementary Table 1, row number 14.
G3	Reverse annealed graphene. Samples obtained by first performing growth as in sample S2 above and then exposing to ΔG values lower than 82 kJ mol−1 and down to 36 kJ mol−1 in stage PGA-2 in Fig. 1a, without breaking vacuum. Point corresponding to the sample S3 from this group, re-annealed at ΔG of 36 kJ mol−1 is indicated in Fig. 2b. Electrical data from sample S3 is presented in Supplementary Table 1, row number number 18.
G4	Hydrogen-treated graphene. Samples obtained by first performing growth as in sample S2 and then exposing the sample to pure hydrogen ambient, ΔG < 0 in PGA-2 without breaking vacuum. Electrical data from sample S4 is presented in Supplementary Table 1, row number 19.