Table 1.

Effects of Ovariectomy (OVX) and Estradiol Treatment on Serum Estradiol Concentrations

Group	Pre‐OVX (pg/mL)	Post‐OVX Pre‐Estradiol (pg/mL)	Post OVX 1‐Month Estradiol (pg/mL)	Post OVX 4‐Month Estradiol (pg/mL)	Post OVX 8‐Month Estradiol (pg/mL)
Control	25.5±7.34	0.68±0.25	0.67±0.15	0.83±0.13	1.29±0.29
Estradiol	24.4±6.81	1.23±0.55	38.9±6.70	42.0±6.22	47.0±5.56
P Value	1.00	1.00	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001

There were no significant differences between ovariectomized (control) and ovariectomized animals receiving 1 mg/day oral estradiol (estradiol) before ovariectomy or at 1 month after ovariectomy before estradiol treatment initiation. Estradiol animals receiving 1 mg/day oral estradiol treatment significantly increased serum estradiol levels compared to control animals. Control (n=12), estradiol (n=11).