Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics
| Characteristics | All (N=139) | HF Group (N=83) | HTx Group (N=56) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 55.4±13.3 | 54.7±13.1 | 56.6±13.5 | 0.41 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 28.1±4.6 | 28.2±4.5 | 28.0±4.8 | 0.87 |
| Sex (male) | 100 (72) | 54 (65) | 46 (82) | 0.021a |
| Race | ||||
| White | 79 (57) | 46 (55) | 33 (59) | 0.41 |
| Black | 49 (35) | 30 (36) | 19 (34) | 0.47 |
| Hispanic | 7 (5) | 5 (6) | 2 (4) | 0.52 |
| Others | 4 (3) | 2 (2) | 2 (4) | 0.69 |
| Echocardiography (N=116) | ||||
| Left ventricular diastolic diameter, cm | 5.38±1.33 | 5.90±1.33 | 4.54±0.85 | <0.001b |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction, % | 45.0±18.7 | 35.9±17.5 | 58.7±10.4 | <0.001b |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction >45% | 67 (58) | 20 (30) | 47 (94) | <0.001a |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 50 (36) | 26 (31) | 24 (43) | 0.11 |
| Hypertension | 88 (63) | 48 (58) | 40 (71) | 0.073 |
| Peripheral artery disease | 5 (4) | 2 (2) | 3 (5) | 0.36 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 38 (27) | 29 (35) | 9 (16) | 0.011a |
| History of ventricular tachyarrhythmia | 35 (25) | 20 (24) | 15 (27) | 0.43 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 8 (6) | 6 (7) | 2 (4) | 0.36 |
Data are given as mean±SD or number (percentage). HF indicates heart failure; HTx, heart transplantation.
a
P<0.05 between the HF and HTx groups, by χ2 test or Fisher's exact test, as appropriate.
b
P<0.05, by unpaired t test.