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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Mar 7.
Published in final edited form as: J Immunol Sci. 2018 Aug 3;2(4):15–21. doi: 10.29245/2578-3009/2018/4.1157

Table 1.

Summary of strategies to mitigate the neuroinflammatory response to intracortical microelectrodes.

Strategy Approaches Suggested next steps/remarks
Broad anti-inflammatory strategies
Steroids Peripheral injections Development of continuous local delivery platform, determine effect on neural recording
Probe coatings
Electrode site coatings
Local delivery via microfludics in probe
Antibiotics Add to drinking water Determine effect local delivery has on neural recording. Other strategies might be less risky.
Incorporate in thin film coatings
Local delivery via microfludics in probe
Single local dose via cannula
Targets of more specific immunomodulatory strategies
Glial Response Alpha-MSH probe coating Determine effect on neural recording
Single dose of flavopiridol Did not result in improvement in neural recording performance
IL-IRa probe coating Determine effect on neural recording
Inflammasome Caspase knock-out model Determine effect small molecule or other clinically relevant therapy has or neural recording
Blood-de rived cells MCP-1 knock out model Determine effect on neural recording
Pharmacological inhibition of MCP-1
Pattern recognition receptors CD14 knock out model Determine dosing regimens of small molecule or other clinically relevant therapy
Pharmacological inhibition of CD14